Efficacy of a commercial test kit to determine early pregnancy in cows using whole blood and blood serum

Karakuş, Ozan; Kaçar, Cihan; Kuru, Mushap; Kaya, Semra; Demir, Murat Can; Ari, Umut Çağın; Zonturlu, Abuzer Kafar; Öztürkler, Yavuz

doi:10.1007/s11250-020-02428-x

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, it is important to mention that there were three samples evaluated as 'to be rechecked'; however, later, it was not possible to evaluate them, and therefore, these three samples were removed from the dataset [98]. A somewhat lower overall accuracy (90%) was reported when the Ubio quickVET rapid visual test was used for plasma samples between Days 30 and 40 after AI [90], and a much lower accuracy (70%) was obtained when the Fassisi ® BoviPreg visual test kit was used for serum samples on Day 30 after AI [99].…”

Section: Commercial Elisa Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Possibilities for the Diagnosis of Early Pregnancy and Embryonic Mortality in Dairy Cows

Szenci

2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

One of the most recent techniques for the on-farm diagnosis of early pregnancy (EP) in cattle is B-mode ultrasonography. Under field conditions, acceptable results may be achieved with ultrasonography from Days 25 to 30 post-AI. The reliability of the test greatly depends on the frequency of the transducer used, the skill of the examiner, the criterion used for a positive pregnancy diagnosis (PD), and the position of the uterus in the pelvic inlet. Non-pregnant animals can be selected accurately by evaluating blood flow in the corpus luteum around Day 20 after AI, meaning we can substantially improve the reproductive efficiency of our herd. Pregnancy protein assays (PSPB, PAG-1, and PSP60 RIA, commercial ELISA or rapid visual ELISA tests) may provide an alternative method to ultrasonography for determining early pregnancy or late embryonic/early fetal mortality (LEM/EFM) in dairy cows. Although the early pregnancy factor is the earliest specific indicator of fertilization, at present, its detection is entirely dependent on the use of the rosette inhibition test; therefore, its use in the field needs further developments. Recently found biomarkers like interferon-tau stimulated genes or microRNAs may help us diagnose early pregnancy in dairy cows; however, these tests need further developments before their general use in the farms becomes possible.

show abstract

Section: Commercial Elisa Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Possibilities for the Diagnosis of Early Pregnancy and Embryonic Mortality in Dairy Cows

Szenci

2021

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the present study, the accuracy of the same kits increased up to 94% at day 35 post‐breeding in Nili‐Ravi buffaloes. In contrast, a more recent study reported much lower values (50–70%) for sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of a whole blood sample‐based PAGs ELISA kit at day 30 post‐breeding in Simmental and Brown Swiss cows (Karakuş et al, 2021). These differences could be explained by the fact that these authors used a different manufacturer’s kit.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Validation of pregnancy associated glycoproteins‐basedELISAkits to determine early pregnancy status in lactatingNili‐Ravibuffaloes

Arshad

Shabir

Sagheer

et al. 2022

Reprod Domestic Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of the current study was to evaluate pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs) based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits utilizing whole blood, serum, or milk samples for diagnosis of early pregnancy status in lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes. Dairy buffaloes (n = 174) of mixed parity, 4-6 years of age, having mean (± standard deviation) days in milk 165 ± 87, and body condition score of 3.26 ± 0.34 were randomly enrolled in this study. Buffaloes were exposed to penile deviated bulls with 12 h interval for estrus detection during peak breeding season and eventually bred naturally at their respective standing estrus (day 0). Blood and milk samples were collected at days 24, 28, and 35 post-breeding to run a rapid visual pregnancy test® (RVPT) as a buffalo-side test or ELISA-based assay in the laboratory to detect early pregnancy status. Transrectal B-mode ultrasonography was performed to diagnose pregnancy at day 35 post-breeding and used as a gold standard to validate results of RVPT or ELISA-based tests. The RVPT is a visual readout test for pregnancy detection and had sensitivity (77.9 vs. 89.7 vs. 93.3%), specificity (77.9 vs. 89.7 vs. 93.3%), and accuracy (84.5 vs. 90.1 vs. 94.2%) at days 24, 28, and 35 post-breeding, respectively. The PAGs were assayed using ELISA kits in serum and had sensitivity (77.9 vs. 89.7 vs. 93.3%), specificity (84.2 vs. 87.7 vs. 93.9%), and accuracy (82.1 vs. 88.4 vs. 93.7%) at days 24, 28, and 35 post-breeding, respectively. Similarly, PAGs were also analysed using ELISA kits in milk samples and had sensitivity (77.6 vs 89.5 vs 95.0%), specificity (89.1 vs 91.9, vs 93.9%), and accuracy (85.1 vs 91.1 vs 94.3%) at days 24, 28, and 35 post-breeding, respectively. Overall, the Kappa values in this study exceeded 0.85 at day 35 post-breeding using RVPT or ELISA-based test kits in serum or milk samples, indicating a high level of agreement between PAGs detection method and gold standard for pregnancy diagnosis. The pregnancy outcomes based on ELISA-based PAGs detection at day ≥28 post-breeding had a high negative predictive value, indicating that the probability of incorrectly administering prostaglandins to pregnant buffaloes would be low if these tests were implemented on a commercial dairy herd. Taken together, it is concluded that PAGs-based determination of pregnancy using RVPT or ELISA in blood, serum, or milk samples can be used effectively for pregnancy diagnosis at ≥28 days post-breeding with more than 90% accuracy in Nili-Ravi buffaloes.

show abstract

“…As expected, due to dilution of whole blood samples with sample buffer, the use of blood samples was associated with a correct postpartum negative diagnosis earlier and with a sensitivity at the time of pregnancy diagnosis lower than plasma samples. The use of blood serum was also demonstrated to be more accurate and suitable than that of whole blood during early pregnancy in previous research [ 56 ]. However, the same results were observed using blood or plasma in advanced pregnancies, from Day 116 to 200 of gestation, a period with an important and progressive production of PAGs [ 28 , 29 , 30 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a Commercial Pregnancy Test Using Blood or Plasma Samples in High-Producing Dairy Cows

López-Gatius,

Ganau,

Garcia-Ispierto

2024

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study evaluated a commercial pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAGs)-based pregnancy test using whole blood or plasma samples during early pregnancy (28–55 days of gestation) in high-producing dairy cows. Transrectal ultrasonography was used as the gold standard method. The study population constituted of 284 cows. False positive diagnoses were recorded from Day 60 to 89 and from Day 60 to 99 postpartum in blood and plasma samples, respectively. In early pregnancy screening, correct positive diagnoses were recorded in 75% and 100% of blood and plasma samples, respectively. High milk production was associated with negative results in blood samples and with the lowest test line intensity in plasma samples. False positive or negative diagnoses were recorded in 0% of both types of samples in cows previously diagnosed as pregnant and showing signs of estrus. In conclusion, the use of plasma was more effective than the use of blood in early pregnancy diagnosis. In cows previously diagnosed as pregnant and showing signs of estrus, both types of samples showed the same results. Because of large individual variations, normal single pregnancies could not be differentiated from twin pregnancies, from pregnancies with a recently dead conceptus, or from pregnancies that experienced subsequent pregnancy loss.

show abstract

Efficacy of a commercial test kit to determine early pregnancy in cows using whole blood and blood serum

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Recent Possibilities for the Diagnosis of Early Pregnancy and Embryonic Mortality in Dairy Cows

Recent Possibilities for the Diagnosis of Early Pregnancy and Embryonic Mortality in Dairy Cows

Validation of pregnancy associated glycoproteins‐basedELISAkits to determine early pregnancy status in lactatingNili‐Ravibuffaloes

Evaluation of a Commercial Pregnancy Test Using Blood or Plasma Samples in High-Producing Dairy Cows

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About