Efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate to ameliorate the toxic effects of aflatoxin in broiler chicks

Abstract

In vitro and in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of a hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (Improved Milbond-TX, IMTX) to alleviate the toxic effects of aflatoxin (AF) B1 in chicks. In vitro results indicated that IMTX was able to bind 100% of AFB1 at pH 3 to 9. In the in vivo study, five pen replicates of six chicks were assigned to each of four dietary treatments, which included: 1) basal diet containing neither IMTX nor AFB1 (control); 2) basal diet supplemented with 1% IMTX; 3) basal diet supplemented with 4 mg AFB1/kg diet; and 4) basal diet supplemented with 1% IMTX and 4 mg AFB1/kg diet. The addition of IMTX to chick diets at a level of 1% did not negatively affect chick performance, organ weights, or serum chemistry, or cause pathological changes. Improved Milbond-TX completely prevented the reduced performance, changes in organ weights, serum chemistry changes, and gross pathology observed in chicks fed AFB1. The IMTX dramatically reduced the incidence and severity of the hepatic histopathology changes associated with aflatoxicosis and completely prevented the renal lesions of aflatoxicosis. These results indicated that IMTX was effective in preventing the toxic effects of AF that may be present in poultry rations at levels up to 4 mg/kg feed.

Efficacy of Dietary Natural Zeolite andSaccharomyces cerevisiaein Counteracting Aflatoxicosis in Broiler Chicks

“…I n this experiment, the addition of 1.0 mg AFB,/kg of diet alone significantly reduced body weight g a i n (BWG) a n d feed i n t a k e ( F I ) by approximately 25 and 17%, respectively (Table l), which agree with previous reports on the performance depressing effects of AF (Huff et al, 1986;Kubena et al, 1998;Ledoux et al, 1999). These effects of AF have been attributed to reduced protein synthesis (Thaxton et al, 1974), i m p a i r e d n u t r i e n t absorption (Tyczkowski et a l .…”

“…This observation agrees with the results of previous studies (Huff et al, 1986;Kubena et al, 1998;Ledoux et al, 1999). The AFs produce a n inhibition in protein synthesis by altering the protein metabolism and its union to the DNA, which does not allow replication a n d transcription of t h e RNA (Murray, 1982).…”

“…i r i n g r e a t d e m a n d . A v a r i e t y of physical, cheiiiical a n d biological a p p r o a c h e s t o counteract the afla toxin problems have been reported in the literature on niycotoxins (Piva et al, 1993;Kubena et al, 1998;Ledoux et aZ., 1999). Unfortunately, niost of' these techniques on a large scale are costly, time consuming, ineffective or only pnrtially effective.…”

Concentrações séricas de minerais e funções hepática e renal de frangos intoxicados com aflatoxina e tratados com montmorilonita sódica

“…Portanto, o grão de milho, que representa importante papel na avicultura, em condições inadequadas de armazenamento, pode sofrer perdas no valor quantitativo e qualitativo, em razão do ataque de pragas e fungos, desde o campo até a época de consumo (Stringhini et al, 2000). Um quarto dos grãos produzidos no mundo está contaminado por micotoxinas (Santurio, 2000); por isso, o uso de produtos contaminados pela aflatoxina, para fabricação de rações, tem sido um grande problema para a indústria avícola, e vem causando sérias implicações econômicas (Ledoux et al, 1998).…”

“…Vários efeitos tóxicos podem ser causados por esta micotoxina nas aves, que incluem diminuição da performance, patologias hepáticas, imunossupressão e mudanças no peso relativo dos órgãos (Wyatt, 1991). O fígado, caracteristicamente, fica pálido e aumentado de volume como resultado de aflatoxicoses, com alterações microscópicas como degeneração gordurosa, necrose hepática e hiperplasia biliar (Ledoux, 1998).…”