Efficacy of acupuncture (Jin’s three-needle) on motor symptoms and anxiety in patients with Parkinson’s disease: protocol for a multicentre, randomised, assessor-blinded clinical trial

Abstract

IntroductionParkinson’s disease (PD) has a significant impact on a substantial number of individuals in China. Notably, 31% of patients with PD also grapple with the additional burden of anxiety. This dual challenge of managing both PD and anxiety underscores the complexity of the condition and the diverse range of symptoms patients may experience. Considering the circumstances, the cost and potential drawbacks associated with traditional antiparkinsonian drugs become increasingly relevant. Acupuncture emerges as a significant non-pharmacological adjunct therapy. Offering a potentially safer and more cost-effective option, acupuncture addresses the pressing need for holistic and complementary treatments that may alleviate both the motor symptoms of PD and the accompanying anxiety.Methods and analysisThis is a multicentre, randomised controlled and assessor-blind trial. A total of 210 eligible patients with PD will be randomly assigned (1:1) to Jin’s three-needle (JTN) acupuncture group or waitlist (WL) group. Patients in the JTN group will receive acupuncture therapy three times per week for 4 weeks. Patients in the WL group will maintain their original dosage of antiparkinsonian drugs and receive acupuncture therapy after the observation period. The primary outcome measure will be the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale score. The secondary outcome measures will be the scores of the Hoehn-Yahr Rating Scale, Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale, Non-Motor Symptoms Scale, 39-item Parkinson’s Disease Questionnaire, Parkinson Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, Hamilton Depression Scale, Zarit burden interview and the level of cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone. The evaluation will be executed at baseline, the end of the treatment and a follow-up period.Ethics and disseminationThe study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (K[2023]014). All patients have to provide written, informed consent. The study will be disseminated through presentations in peer-reviewed international journals and at national and international conferences.Trial registration numberChinese Clinical Trial Registry; ChiCTR2300074675.