Efficacy of an anti-bullying video literacy program in Pakistani primary school children

Abstract

With a scarcity of research looking at violent and extremist tendencies in primary school children in Pakistan, this study aimed to look at the effects of emotional resilience education through the means of cartoon-based learning. Children have a limited attention span and research on video/cartoon-based literacy projects has indicated greater efficacy with more retention and engagement. The cartoon based on the theme of anti-bullying was used in a 6-week intervention program in an experimental design setup with 120 experimental and 40 control group students recruited from the Islamabad/Rawalpindi area (ages 9–11). The behaviours and awareness about the concepts of physical and verbal bullying, coercion and damaging others’ property, as well as qualitative information about the cartoon themes were assessed before and after the program for pre- and post-test comparison. The cartoon was accompanied with teaching aids, worksheets and activity-based learning. The results indicated that only 3.3% students were aware about bullying and its various types to begin with and after intervention 98.7% understood the concept clearly. Before the intervention, 65.8% students didn’t understand that they were bullies – after the intervention it reduced to 22.5% who thought they were not bullies. Effectiveness of the results from this video literacy program will enable development of more emotional resilience education courses in the curriculum to create a more resilient society in the long run and curb bullying in schools.

Programa de bolsillo anti-acoso escolar: diseño desde un equipo de orientación educativa

“…Como estrategias metodológicas utilizadas en los diferentes programas de prevención que ofrece la literatura científica hallamos el aprendizaje en grupos cooperativos (Polo et al, 2017;Williford et al, 2012), el uso del role playing (Joronen et al, 2012), el uso de vídeos (Razzaq, et al, 2022) o el uso del test sociométrico y su representación gráfica o sociograma como herramienta diagnóstica y de toma de decisiones (Urbina et al, 2018). La utilización de la sociometría mediante test sociométrico es fundamental para aproximarse al estudio de estas relaciones de manera exitosa, pues permiten la obtención de datos que no se podrían recoger mediante otras técnicas (Hamodi-Galán y Benito-Brunet, 2019).…”

“…En la línea de autores como Farrington y Ttofi (2009) o Menesini y Salmivalli (2017) que manifiestan la necesidad de un sistema que garantice el cumplimiento de una serie de elementos clave en los programas contra el acoso escolar implementados por las escuelas, el programa de bolsillo pone de manifiesto unos mínimos que garantizan impacto sobre todo en víctimas. Entre los componentes o elementos clave que establece la literatura científica y que se usan en el programa de bolsillo hallamos la gestión de la disciplina a través de normas de aula (Gaffney et al, 2021); el uso de vídeos (Razzaq et al, 2022); el uso del test sociométrico y su representación gráfica o sociograma como herramienta diagnóstica y de toma de decisiones (Hamodi-Galán y Benito-Brunet, 2019;Urbina et al, 2018); el uso del aprendizaje en grupos cooperativos en las sesiones que plantea (Polo et al, 2017;Williford et al, 2012), uso del role playing (Joronen et al, 2012) e información a la familia (Gaffney et al, 2021;Tresgallo Saiz, 2014).…”