Efficacy of Antibiotic Versus Probiotics As Adjuncts to Mechanical Debridement for the Treatment of Peri-Implant Mucositis

Abstract

The objective was to compare the efficiency of probiotic (PT) versus antibiotic therapy (AT) as adjuvants to non-surgical-mechanical debridement (NSMD) in the treatment of peri-implant mucositis (Pi-M). Volunteers with Pi-M were encompassed. Therapeutically, patients were randomly divided into 3-groups: (a) Group-1: NSMD + PT; (b) Group-2: NSMD + AT; and (c) Group-3: NSMD alone. Peri-implant plaque index (P.I), bleeding on probing (B.O.P), probing depth (P.D) and crestal-bone-loss (C.B.L) were recorded at baseline and at 3-and 6-months follow-up. P<0.05 was selected as the indicator of statistical significance. Forty-two male individuals (14, 14 and 14 in groups 1, 2 and 3, respectively) were included. At 3- and 6-months of follow-up, P.I (P<0.01), B.O.P (P<0.01) and P.D (P<0.01) were higher in Group-2 than Group-1. At 3-months of follow-up, P.I (P<0.01), B.O.P (P<0.01) and P.D (P<0.01) were higher in Group-3 than Group-2. At 6-months of follow-up, P.I, B.O.P and P.D were comparable in groups 2 and 3. In Group-3, P.I, B.O.P and P.D were comparable with the respective baseline values at 6-months of follow-up. The C.B.L in all groups remained unchanged up to 6-months of follow-up. The NSMD with adjuvant PT is more effective than adjunct AT in the treatment of Pi-M for up to 3-months.

Do Probiotics Cause a Shift in the Microbiota of Dental Implants—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…To include this study would have violated the present PICO criteria in terms of the specified population. In a recent paper from the same group ( Alqahtani et al., 2021 ), the control group did not receive placebo, and the delta means and standard deviations were not presented, which was a requirement in the meta-analysis.…”

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Systemic Antibiotic Therapy in the Treatment of Peri-Implantitis

“…Secondary outcomes were also determined in the present research ( Table 3 ). Eleven papers [ 6 , 17 , 22 , 24 , 30 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 ] reported bone loss. A generalized reduction of approximately 0.75 mm was obtained after 12 months of follow-up ( Table 3 ) when systemic antibiotics were administrated in conjunction with other therapies, such as mechanical debridement, bone graft plus membrane or even titanium granulates.…”

“…A generalized reduction of approximately 0.75 mm was obtained after 12 months of follow-up ( Table 3 ) when systemic antibiotics were administrated in conjunction with other therapies, such as mechanical debridement, bone graft plus membrane or even titanium granulates. Plaque score was also analyzed in eleven studies [ 1 , 6 , 16 , 22 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 52 , 54 , 56 , 57 ]. Plaque scores in all groups were significantly reduced from baseline to successive follow-up periods when systemic antibiotics were used in combination with complementary therapies.…”

“…Plaque scores in all groups were significantly reduced from baseline to successive follow-up periods when systemic antibiotics were used in combination with complementary therapies. Suppuration was determined in eight articles [ 6 , 24 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 52 , 53 , 57 ], and most showed a significant reduction after systemic antibiotic administration. Eight articles [ 1 , 6 , 16 , 24 , 30 , 55 , 56 , 57 ] also reported total bacterial counts, and Prevotella intermedia / nigrescens , Porphyromonas gingivalis , and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were some of the most common bacteria associated with peri-implantitis.…”

“…Four publications [ 16 , 47 , 50 , 57 ] tackled recession, which was significantly reduced in the majority of the papers analyzed. Three articles [ 6 , 48 , 57 ] reported information on clinical attachment level.…”