Efficacy of avian influenza Neuraminidase‐specific vaccines in chickens

McNulty, M. S.; Allan, Gordon; Adair, B. M.

doi:10.1080/03079458608436270

Cited by 21 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In the current study, the antibody production may have resulted from the FPV promoter LP2EP2 in the rFPV-HA-NA replacing the vaccinia virus promoter utilized in the previous studies (Beard et al, 1991;Webster et al, 1991). The current data address an important issue that rFPV-HA-NA would be highly effective against infection from a broader range of infectious viral challenge and further verifies the immunogenicity of NA protein in the vaccine as previously reported (McNulty et al, 1986;Johansson, 1999;Chen et al, 2000). However, additional studies are needed to assess protection against a respiratory challenge model such as intranasal, intratracheal or eyedrop before extrapolating the value of protection to the field.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Protection of chickens against highly lethal H5N1 and H7N1 avian influenza viruses with a recombinant fowlpox virus co-expressing H5 haemagglutinin and N1 neuraminidase genes

Qiao

Jiang

et al. 2003

Avian Pathology

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Protection of chickens against highly lethal H5N1 and H7N1 avian influenza viruses with a recombinant fowlpox virus co-expressing H5 haemagglutinin and N1 neuraminidase genes

Qiao

Jiang

et al. 2003

Avian Pathology

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“…DNA vaccines encoding NA protein provided protection against AIV challenge in mice, a nonnatural host (2,3). McNulty et al (24) showed that vaccination of chickens with influenza virus provided protection against challenge with a virus of the same NA subtype and an unrelated HA subtype. However, in other studies, recombinant NA protein, DNA vaccines encoding the NA protein, or alphavirus-based virus-like particles containing the NA protein provided partial protection to lethal challenge in FIG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contributions of the Avian Influenza Virus HA, NA, and M2 Surface Proteins to the Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies and Protective Immunity

Nayak

Kumar

DiNapoli

et al. 2010

J Virol

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1 causes severe disease and mortality in poultry. Increased transmission of H5N1 HPAIV from birds to humans is a serious threat to public health. We evaluated the individual contributions of each of the three HPAIV surface proteins, namely, the hemagglutinin (HA), the neuraminidase (NA), and the M2 proteins, to the induction of HPAIV-neutralizing serum antibodies and protective immunity in chickens. Using reverse genetics, three recombinant Newcastle disease viruses (rNDVs) were engineered, each expressing the HA, NA, or M2 protein of H5N1 HPAIV. Chickens were immunized with NDVs expressing a single antigen (HA, NA, and M2), two antigens (HA؉NA, HA؉M2, and NA؉M2), or three antigens (HA؉NA؉M2). Immunization with HA or NA induced high titers of HPAIVneutralizing serum antibodies, with the response to HA being greater, thus identifying HA and NA as independent neutralization antigens. M2 did not induce a detectable neutralizing serum antibody response, and inclusion of M2 with HA or NA reduced the magnitude of the response. Immunization with HA alone or in combination with NA induced complete protection against HPAIV challenge. Immunization with NA alone or in combination with M2 did not prevent death following challenge, but extended the time period before death. Immunization with M2 alone had no effect on morbidity or mortality. Thus, there was no indication that M2 is immunogenic or protective. Furthermore, inclusion of NA in addition to HA in a vaccine preparation for chickens may not enhance the high level of protection provided by HA.

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“…The humoral immune response to NA was initially characterized in humans (Kilbourne et al 1968a,b;Downie 1970;Murphy et al 1972;Vonka et al 1977), chickens (McNulty et al 1986;Webster et al 1988), mice (Schulman et al 1968;Schulman 1969;Reichert and Mauler 1975;Bottex et al 1981) and other species, and an inhibitory action of NA-specific antiserum was characterized in vitro using tissue culture neutralization tests, and in vivo (Kilbourne et al 1968a;Murphy et al 1972;Schulman et al 1968, Schulman 1969Kasel et al 1973;Rott et al 1974). Although the humoral response to HA is best characterized to protect against influenza infection (Webster et al 1968), these aforementioned studies suggested that anti-NA antibodies afford some protection.…”

Section: Immune Response To Na and Vaccine Efficacymentioning

confidence: 98%

Influenza Neuraminidase as a Vaccine Antigen

Sylte

Suarez

2009

Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology

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The neuraminidase protein of influenza viruses is a surface glycoprotein that shows enzymatic activity to remove sialic acid, the viral receptor, from both viral and host proteins. The removal of sialic acid from viral proteins plays a key role in the release of the virus from the cell by preventing the aggregation of the virus by the hemagglutinin protein binding to other viral proteins. Antibodies to the neuraminidase protein can be protective alone in animal challenge studies, but the neuraminidase antibodies appear to provide protection in a different manner than antibodies to the hemagglutinin protein. Neutralizing antibodies to the hemagglutinin protein can directly block virus entry, but protective antibodies to the neuraminidase protein are thought to primarily aggregate virus on the cell surface, effectively reducing the amount of virus released from infected cells. The neuraminidase protein can be divided into nine distinct antigenic subtypes, where there is little cross-protection of antibodies between subtypes. All nine subtypes of neuraminidase protein are commonly found in avian influenza viruses, but only selected subtypes are routinely found in mammalian influenza viruses; for example, only the N1 and N2 subtypes are commonly found in both humans and swine. Even within a subtype, the neuraminidase protein can have a high level of antigenic drift, and vaccination has to specifically be targeted to the circulating strain to give optimal protection. The levels of neuraminidase antibody also appear to be critical for protection, and there is concern that human influenza vaccines do not include enough neuraminidase protein to induce a strong protective antibody response. The neuraminidase protein has also become an important target for antiviral drugs that target sialic acid binding which blocks neuraminidase enzyme activity. Two different antiviral drugs are available and are widely used for the treatment of seasonal influenza in humans, but antiviral resistance appears to be a growing concern for this class of antivirals.

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Efficacy of avian influenza Neuraminidase‐specific vaccines in chickens

Cited by 21 publications

References 9 publications

Protection of chickens against highly lethal H5N1 and H7N1 avian influenza viruses with a recombinant fowlpox virus co-expressing H5 haemagglutinin and N1 neuraminidase genes

Protection of chickens against highly lethal H5N1 and H7N1 avian influenza viruses with a recombinant fowlpox virus co-expressing H5 haemagglutinin and N1 neuraminidase genes

Contributions of the Avian Influenza Virus HA, NA, and M2 Surface Proteins to the Induction of Neutralizing Antibodies and Protective Immunity

Influenza Neuraminidase as a Vaccine Antigen

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