“…Proclivities can be discussed during therapy sessions, especially brief low-intensity interventions (e.g., motivational interviewing [MI]), generally considered appropriate for dealing with AUDs . Self-help and formal treatment, though generally efficacious (Foxcroft, Lister-Sharp, & Lowe, 1997;Morgenstern, Wiborg, Isensee, & Hanewinkel, 2009;Raistrick et al, 2006), especially in hazardous and harmful drinkers (Beckham, 2007;Daeppen et al, 2011;Lundahl, Kunz, Brownell, Tollefson, & Burke, 2010;Sandbaek, Lauritzen, & Christensen, 2005), can produce ambiguous results in dependent drinkers (Raistrick et al, 2006, p. 99). This may partly reflect variations in the utilization of change strategies between and/or within AUD groups.…”