Efficacy of cognitive remediation on activities of daily living in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Tulliani, Nikki; Bissett, Michelle; Fahey, Paul; Bye, Rosalind; Liu, Karen P.Y.

doi:10.1186/s13643-022-02032-0

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…The studies reported a statistically significant difference between groups in cognitive functions (attention, memory, executive function, languages, and global cognition) [ 77 , 78 , 79 , 80 , 82 ], in daily functioning [ 81 ], in depressive symptoms outcome [ 78 ], and in quality of life [ 77 ]. Compared with the previous systematic review and meta-analysis that used traditional CR methods and not fully immersive VR [ 87 , 88 ] our results suggested not only a cognitive functions improvement but also a general clinical improvement. The meta-analysis involved only people with MCI showed a positive effect on clinical cognitive outcomes specifically to memory, language, and global cognition.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Fully Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation for Adults with Psychosocial Disabilities: A Systematic Scoping Review of Methods Intervention Gaps and Meta-Analysis of Published Effectiveness Studies

Perra

Riccardo

Lorenzo³

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Background: Cognitive Remediation (CR) programs are effective for the treatment of mental diseases; in recent years, Virtual Reality (VR) rehabilitation tools are increasingly used. This study aimed to systematically review and meta-analyze the published randomized controlled trials that used fully immersive VR tools for CR programs in psychiatric rehabilitation. We also wanted to map currently published CR/VR interventions, their methods components, and their evidence base, including the framework of the development intervention of CR in fully immersive VR. Methods: Level 1 of evidence. This study followed the PRISMA extension for Scoping Reviews and Systematic Review. Three electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Embase) were systematically searched, and studies were included if they met the eligibility criteria: only randomized clinical trials, only studies with fully immersive VR, and only CR for the adult population with mental disorders. Results: We found 4905 (database) plus 7 (manual/citation searching articles) eligible studies. According to inclusion criteria, 11 studies were finally reviewed. Of these, nine included patients with mild cognitive impairment, one with schizophrenia, and one with mild dementia. Most studies used an ecological scenario, with improvement across all cognitive domains. Although eight studies showed significant efficacy of CR/VR, the interventions’ development was poorly described, and few details were given on the interventions’ components. Conclusions: Although CR/VR seems to be effective in clinical and feasibility outcomes, the interventions and their components are not clearly described. This limits the understanding of the effectiveness and undermines their real-world implementation and the establishment of a gold standard for fully immersive VR/CR.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 61%

Fully Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation for Adults with Psychosocial Disabilities: A Systematic Scoping Review of Methods Intervention Gaps and Meta-Analysis of Published Effectiveness Studies

Perra

Riccardo

Lorenzo³

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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“…A decrease in the ability to perform iADLs is linked to the initiation of cognitive decline, which can be a component of the natural aging process. The decline in iADL performance becomes increasingly noticeable as MCI emerges and becomes even more pronounced in cases of dementia [ 8 – 10 ]. As the world’s population ages, the incidence of dementia increases, a term that encompasses a variety of clinical diagnoses, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease, vascular dementia (VaD), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), Huntington’s disease and Lewy Body Dementia (LBD), each with their own causes and specific risk factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual reality applications based on instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs) for cognitive intervention in older adults: a systematic review

Buele,

Varela-Aldás,

Palacios-Navarro

2023

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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Background In recent years, the use of virtual reality (VR) as a complementary intervention in treating cognitive impairment has significantly increased. VR applications based on instrumental activities of daily living (iADL-VR) could offer a promising approach with greater ecological validity for intervention in groups with cognitive impairments. However, the effectiveness of this approach is still debated. Objective This systematic review aims to synthesize the effects of iADL-VR interventions to rehabilitate, train, or stimulate cognitive functions in healthy adults and people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and different types of dementia. Methods A systematic search was performed in the Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, and APA PsycNet databases until September 2022 and repeated in April 2023. The selected studies met the search terms, were peer-reviewed, included an iADL-VR intervention, and were written in English. Descriptive, qualitative studies, reviews, cognitive assessment, non-intervention studies, those unrelated to VR or iADL, those focused on motor aspects, and non-degenerative disorders were excluded. The PEDro scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the controlled studies. To present and synthesize the results, we organized the extracted data into three tables, including PEDro scores, participant characteristics, and study characteristics. Results Nineteen studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. The total sample reached 590 participants, mostly women (72.67%). Approximately 30% were diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease or dementia, and 20% had mild cognitive impairment. Variables such as authors and year of publication, study design, type of intervention and VR applied, duration of the intervention, main findings, and conclusions were extracted. Regarding demographic characteristics, the sample size, age, sex, years of education, neurological diagnosis, dropouts, and the city and country where the intervention took place were recorded. Almost all studies showed improvements in some or all the outcomes after the intervention, generally greater in the iADL-VR group than in the control group. Conclusion iADL-VR interventions could be beneficial in improving the performance of cognitive functions in older adults and people with MCI and different types of dementia. The ecological component of these tasks makes them very suitable for transferring what has been learned to the real world. However, such transfer needs to be confirmed by further studies with larger and more homogeneous samples and longer follow-up periods. This review had no primary funding source and was registered with PROSPERO under registration ID: 375166.

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“…Effective early-intervention strategies for older adults with mild cognitive impairment to remediate and delay the deterioration of daily functioning are essential. A recent systematic review reported two types of cognitive interventions, including cognitive stimulation and cognitive training, that improve or remediate cognitive function [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cognitive stimulation is used in activities that have been designed to increase cognition and social functioning in a non-specific manner, such as reading, playing chess, drawing and painting [ 7 , 8 ]. Cognitive stimulation activities target a specific cortical area that is related to the cognitive domain being investigated and boost cognitive reserves to prevent cognitive decline [ 9 , 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Semantic-based memory-encoding strategy and cognitive stimulation in enhancing cognitive function and daily task performance for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot non-randomised cluster controlled trial

Mraz

Tong²,

Liu³

2023

PLoS ONE

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Aim To investigate the effectiveness of a semantic-based memory-encoding strategy intervention and cognitive stimulation that enhances function for older adults with mild cognitive impairment. Methods A two-armed single-blind non-randomised cluster controlled trial was conducted. Participants in two centres were allocated to the semantic-based memory-encoding experimental group and those in the other two centres received cognitive stimulation. In both groups, one centre- or community-based session and one home-based session were provided weekly for 10 weeks. Outcome measures included attention, memory and general cognitive function (Word List Memory and Word List Recall of the Consortium to Establish a Registry for the Alzheimer’s disease, Digit Span Forwards and Backwards and the Cognistat), and daily task performance (Disability Assessment for Dementia and Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale). They were administered pre- and post-intervention. Results Thirty-nine participants completed the study. No significant differences were revealed in the demographic or baseline data. The experimental group showed significant improvements in daily task performance (Disability Assessment for Dementia; p = 0.003), memory outcomes (Word List Recall; p < 0.001), general cognitive function (Cognistat subtests of Memory and Similarity; ps = 0.002 and < 0.001). The cognitive stimulation control group did not show any significant improvement in the measures. Between-group analysis showed significant differences in favour of the experimental group for the outcome measures of the Word List Recall and Cognistat Similarity subtest (ps < 0.001). Conclusions This study shows that the semantic-based memory-encoding strategy is more superior than cognitive stimulation with improvements in attention, memory, general cognitive function and daily task performance for people with a mild cognitive impairment. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration and Results System (NCT02953964).

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Efficacy of cognitive remediation on activities of daily living in individuals with mild cognitive impairment or early-stage dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 18 publications

References 73 publications

Fully Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation for Adults with Psychosocial Disabilities: A Systematic Scoping Review of Methods Intervention Gaps and Meta-Analysis of Published Effectiveness Studies

Fully Immersive Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive Remediation for Adults with Psychosocial Disabilities: A Systematic Scoping Review of Methods Intervention Gaps and Meta-Analysis of Published Effectiveness Studies

Virtual reality applications based on instrumental activities of daily living (iADLs) for cognitive intervention in older adults: a systematic review

Semantic-based memory-encoding strategy and cognitive stimulation in enhancing cognitive function and daily task performance for older adults with mild cognitive impairment: A pilot non-randomised cluster controlled trial

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