Efficacy of Dental Bleaching with Whitening Dentifrices: A Systematic Review

Casado, Bruno Gustavo da Silva; Moraes, Sandra Lúcia Dantas de; Souza, Gleicy Fátima Medeiros de; Guerra, Cátia Maria Fonseca; Souto-Maior, Juliana Raposo; Lemos, Caa; Vasconcelos, Belmiro C. E.; Pellizzer, Eduardo Piza

doi:10.1155/2018/7868531

Cited by 37 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Historically, one of the main components in toothpastes used for whitening has been abrasives, which help to eliminate extrinsic stains as well as prevent their formation. A wide range of other components is usually added to this abrasive system, such as surfactants, calcium chelators, polymers and enzymes; however, evidence indicates that the abrasive is the most crucial component in the toothpastes for stain removal 11, 12 . Yet, there are worldwide governing limitations on the maximum levels of abrasives allowed in any toothpaste and thus there is some restrictions to how much whitening can be effectively and (most importantly) safely obtained through abrasive advancements 8 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different types of whitening tooth pastes on the tooth color, enamel surface roughness and enamel morphology of human teeth

2019

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Background: Tooth whitening usually includes the direct use of gels containing carbamide or hydrogen peroxide on the tooth enamel surface through a wide variety of products formulas. A generally new advancement in whitening of teeth uses the significant importance of the tooth color shift from yellow to blue in delivering a general enhancement in the observation of tooth whiteness. The aim of the current work was to measure the tooth whitening effects, surface roughness and enamel morphology of six different types of blue covarine-containing and blue covarine-free toothpastes using in vitro models. Methods: A total of 70 sound extracted human premolars were randomly and equally divided into seven groups, and each subjected to tooth brushing using different toothpastes. Tooth color and enamel surface roughness were measured before and after the brushing procedure using a white light interferometer, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess tooth surface after the procedure. Results: Toothpaste containing blue covarine resulted in the greatest improvement in tooth color amongst all groups as well as a statistically significant color difference when compared to blue covarine-free toothpaste. Furthermore, blue covarine-containing toothpaste resulted in fewer morphological changes to the enamel surface. This was confirmed with SEM images that showed smooth enamel surfaces with fine scratches. Conclusions: The results from the present study show that blue covarine containing toothpastes are reliable, effective in tooth whitening and produce less surface abrasion when compared to blue covarine-free toothpastes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of different types of whitening tooth pastes on the tooth color, enamel surface roughness and enamel morphology of human teeth

2019

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“…38,39 The ΔE* ab values have often been used in tooth bleaching studies to indicate the perceptible tooth color changes after treatment. 3,7,11,34 Recently, studies reported that ΔE 00 showed better correlation with visual perception than ΔE* ab, 21,23,26 mainly for the interaction between chroma and hue differences in the blue region and a modification in the a* coordinate, which is important for colors with low chroma (neutral colors). 40 In this study, color changes were calculated using CIELab and CIEDE2000 formulas, and it was not detected significant difference for ΔE* ab or ΔE 00 among the CT and WT groups.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Δ E * ab measures the variability in color between objects of the same size, shape and is represented by the combination of three coordinates ( L *, a *, and b *) 38,39 . The Δ E * ab values have often been used in tooth bleaching studies to indicate the perceptible tooth color changes after treatment 3,7,11,34 . Recently, studies reported that Δ E 00 showed better correlation with visual perception than Δ E * ab, 21,23,26 mainly for the interaction between chroma and hue differences in the blue region and a modification in the a * coordinate, which is important for colors with low chroma (neutral colors) 40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To promote the same benefits achieved with these techniques with lower incidence of adverse effects, several companies have developed and improved the over‐the‐counter (OTC) at‐home bleaching products to make the treatment more accessible and to meet patients expectations 5‐8 . The OTC products usually contain low levels of hydrogen peroxide (2%‐6%) and include gels, rinses, gum, toothpastes, whitening strips, or paint‐on films 9‐11 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of whitening toothpaste containing blue covarine: A double‐blind controlled randomized clinical trial

Meireles

Sousa

Lins

et al. 2020

J Esthet Restor Dent

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Objective: This randomized clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of a blue-covarine whitening toothpaste on tooth bleaching. Subjects and methods: Seventy-five subjects with shade mean C1 or darker were randomized into three groups (n = 25): CT-conventional toothpaste, WT-whitening toothpaste, and CP10-10% carbamide peroxide. Subjects from CT and WT brushed their teeth twice/day for 2 weeks. CP10 used bleaching gel for 4 hours/night for 2 weeks. Tooth shade and CIELab parameters were measured at baseline, after the first application, 2-and 4-week. ΔE* ab and ΔE 00 were calculated. Subjects' perception about tooth color appearance, tooth sensitivity (TS), and gingival irritation (GI) were also assessed. Results: At all evaluation periods, it was not observed differences between WT and CT considering tooth shade (P > 0.7) or CIELab parameters (P > 0.3). At 2-and 4-week, ΔE* ab and ΔE 00 were higher for CP10 than WT or CT (P = 0.001). WT and CT reported major dissatisfaction with tooth color appearance than CP10 (P = 0.001). At 1-and 2-week, WT experienced GI and TS similar to CT, both lower than CP10 (P < 0.01). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in the whitening efficacy between whitening and conventional toothpastes. Neither of the dentifrices was as effective as at-home bleaching. Clinical significance: The silica-based toothpaste containing blue covarine evaluated in this study did not give significant tooth whitening benefits over 2 weeks of use. K E Y W O R D S clinical trial, tooth bleaching, tooth discolouration, toothpastes 1 | INTRODUCTION Tooth bleaching is still the most requested treatment in dental offices because it has been considered an effective and conservative way for tooth whitening. 1,2 However, the side effects frequently related to athome or in-office bleaching techniques are the gingival irritation and/or tooth sensitivity. 3,4 To promote the same benefits achieved with these techniques with lower incidence of adverse effects, several companies have developed and improved the over-the-counter (OTC) at-home bleaching products to make the treatment more accessible and to meet patients expectations. 5-8 The OTC products usually contain low levels of hydrogen peroxide (2%-6%) and include gels, rinses, gum, toothpastes, whitening strips, or paint-on films. 9-11 The action mechanisms of the OTC products are based on the bleaching of intrinsic stains using oxidizing agents to break down the organic molecules of pigments present in the teeth, and the control and removal of extrinsic stains through the abrasive agents. 12-14 Whitening toothpastes, which represent more than 50% of the OTC products, often contain optimized abrasives that may be associated to enzymes, surfactants, hydrogen peroxide (limited to about 1 wt%),

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“…Then, a temporary filling is performed and the patient can be sent home. After two or three days, the patient must go back to the clinic, where the dentist will check the degree of whitening obtained and evaluate the need to carry out another application [27]. Protocols for tooth bleaching of non-vital teeth are various and follow strict directions in order to avoid side effects, such as external absorption of the root.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Whitening Gels: Strengths and Weaknesses of an Increasingly Used Method

Fiorillo

Laino

Stefano

et al. 2019

Gels

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Many people nowadays undergo treatments to improve their aesthetics, often neglecting the general state of health. Aesthetics and appearance have become of prime importance, perhaps correlating with of the advent of social networks and digital photographs. One of the most requested aesthetic treatments for dentists is dental bleaching through the use of whitening gels. Dental bleaching is a treatment which involves an improvement in the chrome of the teeth in a short time, and this treatment appears not invasive for the patients. In-office and at-home bleaching treatments can be found. The purpose of this scientific study is to evaluate all of the advantages and disadvantages of this medical treatment. In this study, were report information and items related to bleaching side effects. Dentists often find themselves in disagreement on this topic. The PICO (Population/Intervention/Comparison/Outcome) question investigated was: Are dental patients who have dental bleaching an increased risk of teeth damage? All of the data in the literature has been collected, and all of the side effects of this treatment were evaluated. 263 studies emerged from initial research; only 14 were screened after screening, as they contained sufficient data to evaluate the side effects of treatment. One certain thing emerged; among the contraindications to the treatment of dental bleaching dentinal hypersensitivity could be cited. In fact, one of the most reported undesirable effects regards this problem. Other studies have evaluated pain, color improvement and duration, or patient satisfaction. Dental bleaching is a treatment that aims to improve the aesthetics of our patients; this is also reflected from a psychological point of view and therefore has effects on general health. However, the whitening treatment is not suitable for everyone and must be carefully evaluated by a specialist. This treatment also entails maintenance by the patient and therefore better compliance to normal oral hygiene procedures.

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Efficacy of Dental Bleaching with Whitening Dentifrices: A Systematic Review

Cited by 37 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of different types of whitening tooth pastes on the tooth color, enamel surface roughness and enamel morphology of human teeth

Influence of different types of whitening tooth pastes on the tooth color, enamel surface roughness and enamel morphology of human teeth

Efficacy of whitening toothpaste containing blue covarine: A double‐blind controlled randomized clinical trial

Dental Whitening Gels: Strengths and Weaknesses of an Increasingly Used Method

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