Efficacy of Direct Electrical Current Therapy and Laser-Induced Interstitial Thermotherapy in Local Treatment of Hepatic Colorectal Metastases: An Experimental Model in the Rat

Electrotherapy on Cancer: Experiment and Mathematical Modeling

“…The sub-indexes 1 and 2 represent to the medium 1 (tumor) and medium 2 (surrounding healthy tissue). Similar analyses of the absorbed energy quantity are carried out in radiotherapy and hyperthermia [Hall, 1988;Sadadcharam et al, 2008;Schaefer et al, 2008]. On the other hand, as the difference in electrical parameters between the tumor and its surrounding healthy tissue is substantial that might result in preferential heating of the tumor.…”

“…This statement may be corroborated because it has been reported that direct electric current can have significant effects on the symmetry of surface charge, resulting in a change in membrane potential. Electric fields can produce a redistribution of cell surface receptors and influence the flow of specific ions through plasma membrane ion channels [Salzberg et al, 2008;Schaefer et al, 2008]. Any change in the flow of ions through cellular ion channels can have significant effects on cellular metabolism, proliferation rate, cytoplasmic pH, mobility, cell cycle transitions, and apoptosis.…”

“…Many different forms of electrical current with respect to frequencies, pulse-shapes and amplitudes have been employed in biomedicine with the aim of remodeling tissues by enhancing or suppressing cell proliferation. One of the scopes is also employment of direct current as an antitumor agent [Cabrales et al, 2001;Ciria et al, 2004;Jarque et al, 2007;Ren et al, 2001;Schaefer et al, 2008;Turler, et al, 2000;Vodovnik et al, 1992;Xin et al, 2004;Yoon et al, 2007].…”

Electrotherapy, a recent mode for anticancer treatment

“…Among others can be mentioned: gene therapy [8] and antiangiogenic procedures [9], anticancer vaccines [10], treatments using ascorbic acid megadoses [11], hyperthermia [12], electrochemotherapy [13], and electrotherapy or electrochemical therapy [14,15]. Electrotherapy involves the application of a continuous electric low intensity direct current, LIDC, using at least two electrodes which fall within the tumour and/or around it [14][15][16][17]. There are four modes of electrotherapy application [14][15][16][17]:…”

“…Electrotherapy involves the application of a continuous electric low intensity direct current, LIDC, using at least two electrodes which fall within the tumour and/or around it [14][15][16][17]. There are four modes of electrotherapy application [14][15][16][17]:…”