Abstract:Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is constructed from saliva of swiftlets birds and consumed largely by Southeast and East Asians for its nutritional value and anti-aging properties. Although the neuroprotection of EBN in animals has been reported, there has not been yet systemically summarized. Thus, this review systemically outlined the evidence of the neuroprotective activity of EBN in modulating the cognitive functions of either healthy or with induced-cognitive dysfunction animals as compared to placebos. The rela… Show more
“…Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria, which were subjected to internal validity (RoB) assessment that indicated 20% violation of randomization and 100% violation of blinding during animal selection (allocation of animals into groups), performing the study (treating animals with NSS), and detection (outcome measurement). However, these violations are highly common in preclinical studies, because randomization is not yet standard practice in animal studies [ 41 ].Additionally, assessor blinding is difficult when performing animal studies, because the same assessors are usually involved in animal selection, performing the study, and outcome measurement [ 41 ]. Moreover, most of the included studies neglected to address animal attrition (death events), and several did not report the estimator of the outcome measures and failed to report the sample size in the results.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The latter drawbacks could explain why the results of some outcome measures were not included in the meta-analysis. Consequently, these systemic errors might be expected to overestimate or underestimate the effect size of the outcomes [ 41 ]. Fig.…”
“…Seventeen studies met the eligibility criteria, which were subjected to internal validity (RoB) assessment that indicated 20% violation of randomization and 100% violation of blinding during animal selection (allocation of animals into groups), performing the study (treating animals with NSS), and detection (outcome measurement). However, these violations are highly common in preclinical studies, because randomization is not yet standard practice in animal studies [ 41 ].Additionally, assessor blinding is difficult when performing animal studies, because the same assessors are usually involved in animal selection, performing the study, and outcome measurement [ 41 ]. Moreover, most of the included studies neglected to address animal attrition (death events), and several did not report the estimator of the outcome measures and failed to report the sample size in the results.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The latter drawbacks could explain why the results of some outcome measures were not included in the meta-analysis. Consequently, these systemic errors might be expected to overestimate or underestimate the effect size of the outcomes [ 41 ]. Fig.…”
“…One of the significant roles of (DBNs), is, therefore, biomarker identification established through the identification and analyzing large-scale datasets to aid in discovering patterns and associations that may not be the readily apparent ailment. The technique also plays some crucial roles in the discovery of drugs, given its efficient machine-learning presence of Alzheimer's disease at an early stage (Ismail et al, 2021). Finally, predicting drugtarget interactions with AI and ML techniques can predict the interactions between drugs and target proteins, providing insights into how a drug may affect the biological pathways involved in Alzheimer's disease.…”
Section: The Impact Of Comfort Contractsmentioning
This systematic literature review examines the approaches of mental health nurses on children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) to improve outcomes in education and beyond. A comprehensive search of databases such as PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycINFO was conducted, using Boolean operators and truncators to refine the search strategy. The review included 15 studies that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and thematic analysis was conducted to identify the key themes in the literature. The review found that mental health nursing support for children with ASD can be effective in improving educational outcomes and reducing problem behaviors. The key themes that emerged from the literature include the importance of early intervention, the need for a multidisciplinary approach, and the role of the nurse in promoting social inclusion and family involvement. The review also identified some limitations in the current literature, such as a lack of consensus on the most effective interventions and the need for further research to determine the long-term effects of nursing support for children with ASD. Overall, this systematic literature review highlights the importance of mental health nursing support for children with ASD, and the potential for such support to improve outcomes in education and beyond. The review provides valuable insights for mental health nurses, educators, and policymakers and emphasizes the need for a collaborative, interdisciplinary approach to supporting children with ASD.
“…Besides that, EBN exhibited neuro-protective effect through anti-apoptotic mechanism in which the caspase-3 cleavage and early apoptotic membrane phosphatidylserine externalization were inhibited. The antioxidant effect of EBN through decreasing ROS level and increasing the expression of SOD gene in hippocampal neurons (SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells) was another neuroprotective mechanism (Ismail et al, 2021). In a recent study, zeroth generation CJ57BL/6 mice gave birth to first and second generations of offspring after 6 weeks of EBN supplementation (10 mg/kg).…”
Section: Antioxidation and Neuroprotectionmentioning
Edible bird’s nest (EBN) is a traditional Chinese delicacy made of the saliva of swiftlets found in Southeast Asia. With increasing demands for EBN, quality control of EBN products is important for safe consumption. The processing steps are particularly important for efficient extraction of bioactive compounds. Geographical location, collection place, and harvesting season contribute to differences in nutritional contents in EBN. Concerns regarding presence of adulterant, chemical, and microbial contaminants in EBN as well as authentication and chemical composition measuring methods are discussed in this review. Recent discoveries of beneficial health functions of EBN in antimicrobial and antiviral actions, immunomodulation, cancer prevention and treatment, tissue regeneration, cardiometabolic maintenance, antioxidant action and neuroprotection are also reviewed. Our review provides an update on the recent research on EBN.
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