Efficacy of Essential Oils From Some African Spices Against Two Strains of Bacillus cereus Isolated From Vegetable Salad

Uzeh, Roseline Ekiomado; Oguntosin, Deborah Olamide

doi:10.5539/jfr.v2n6p48

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The high density of bacterial pathogens isolated from the presents study are similar to those reported by Uzeh et al, (2009) and Eni et al, (2010) where bacterial population as high as 9.9×10 6 was reported. Within the stores, bacterial contaminants contaminate the produce, and multiply when the environmental conditions are favorable (Abadias et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlation between Time of Harvesting and Duration before Cooling on the Microbial Quality of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Ogumo¹,

Kunyanga²,

Okoth³

et al. 2018

ijSciences

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French bean is a major export crop from Kenya into United Kingdom and Europe. It is usually consumed cooked. Food safety is one of the most important factors that influence success of fresh produce export. Microbial contamination is one of the food safety concerns in fresh produce industry. This study focused on understanding the correlation between harvesting time and duration before cooling on the microbial quality of French beans. To assess the microbial quality of French beans, samples of French beans were harvested at different times of the day, 7am, 9am, 11am , 1pm and 3pm. The harvested beans were then held in the produce shed before start of cooling for various durations; 0 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours and 8 hours. The samples were later graded and packed in modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) bags. The samples were analyzed following standard plate technique to determine the microbial qualities of French bean samples. Total viable counts (TVC) in these samples showed mean values ranging from 0.7 to 3.3×10 5 CFUs g-1 for total Enterobacteriacea, Listeria monocytogenes, moulds and Staphylococcus aureus. Of the microorganisms isolated, Enterobacteriacea (71.6%) was the highest, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (20.9%), Moulds (7.2%) and Listeria monocytogenes at 0.3%. The harvesting time and duration before cooling had significant effect on population of microorganisms with those harvested early in the morning having the highest population. The high presence of microbial load in samples harvested early morning can be attributed to poor personal hygiene of the food handlers and excessive leaf wetness in the morning. There is need to do further research on the effect of solar radiation on the growth and survival of Listeria monocytogenes, it was evident that the Listeria population decreased significantly with every delay in harvesting, which could also be attributed to dry leaf and pod surfaces. French bean contamination in the field may result from various sources, ranging from soil, irrigation water, contaminated harvesting tools and equipment and contamination from harvesters and food handlers. It is therefore important to know the possible sources of contamination and put in place measure to eliminate or reduce contamination. Hygiene practices like hand washing after using the toilet, before handling produce and avoiding touching of face, skin and nose can be useful in reducing contamination from food handlers. Use of gloves to protect hands during harvesting is necessary to reduce contamination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Correlation between Time of Harvesting and Duration before Cooling on the Microbial Quality of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Ogumo¹,

Kunyanga²,

Okoth³

et al. 2018

ijSciences

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“…is is contrary to minimum inhibitory concentration of 31.25 mg/mL against Bacillus cereus [53] and that of 1.51 mg/ mL against Enterococcus aerogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus mirabilis [54] in the previous studies with A. melegueta.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…Though NDME and DME, respectively, inhibited 60% of the isolates at concentrations ranging between 0.08 and 0.63 mg/mL, DME showed a better antibacterial activity. This is contrary to minimum inhibitory concentration of 31.25 mg/mL against Bacillus cereus [ 53 ] and that of 1.51 mg/mL against Enterococcus aerogenes , Staphylococcus aureus , and Proteus mirabilis [ 54 ] in the previous studies with A. melegueta . The difference in the antibacterial activity of NDME and DME could be attributed to the inhibitory effect of the fatty portion of the plant material.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Antibacterial Activity of Defatted and Nondefatted Methanolic Extracts of Aframomum melegueta K. Schum. against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria of Clinical Importance

Olajuyigbe

Adedayo

Coopoosamy

2020

The Scientific World Journal

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The antibacterial activity of the extracts of Aframomum melegueta including n-hexane extract (NHE), nondefatted methanol extract (NDME), and defatted methanol extract (DME) was investigated in this study. The NHE exhibited no antibacterial activity. The DME showed higher antibacterial activity than the NDME against the different isolates. At the highest concentration of 10 mg/mL in agar diffusion, NDME produced inhibition zones ranging from 11 to 29 mm against the microorganisms while DME produced inhibition zones ranging from 20 to 40 mm with the concentration of 10 mg/mL against the microorganisms. 0.1 mg/mL of the DME produced inhibition zones ranging between 12 and 14 mm in Aeromonas hydrophila ATCC 35654 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15442, respectively, while none of the isolates were inhibited by the NDME at a concentration of 1 mg/mL or less. In the agar dilution assay, the MICs of the NDME and DME ranged between 0.31 and 10 mg/mL, but more isolates were inhibited at 0.31 mg/mL of DME than those in NDME. In macrobroth assay, the MICs of the NDME ranged between 0.15 and 5.0 mg/mL and the MBCs ranged between 0.63 and 5.0 mg/mL, and the MICs of the DME ranged between 0.08 and 5.0 mg/mL and the MBCs were between 0.31 and 5.0 mg/mL. This study indicated that DME was more active with higher antibacterial activity than the NDME of this plant, and extracting the fatty portion of plant materials prior susceptibility testing would allow plant extracts to be more effective as well as justifying the use of Aframomum melegueta in traditional medicine for the treatment of bacterial infections.

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“…24,25 In addition, the seed essential oil inhibited the in vitro proliferation of Bacillus cereus, an important causative agent of foodborne illness. 26 An ethanolic seed extract also reduced paw edema in laboratory rats in a process involving inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity, 27 and 6-paradol and 6-shogaol stimulated the expression of proinflammatory genes in an assay for proinflammatory gene expression. 27 These findings are in accordance with the traditional use of A. melegueta against inflammatory conditions.…”

Section: Aframomum Melegueta K Schummentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Support for the Traditional Uses of Zingiberacea Species in Suriname - A Review of the Literature

Mans¹,

Djotaroeno²,

Friperson³

et al. 2019

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the common ginger Zingiber officinale Roscoe are well-known spices, condiments, and flavoring compounds. 3 And the leaves and flowers from C. longa, the grains of paradise Aframomum melegueta K. Schum., the white ginger Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig, and the east-Indian galangal Kaempferia galanga L. are consumed as vegetables and used as key ingredients of spicy savory dishes and/or herbal teas. 3Various species in the genera Alpinia Roxb., 1810, Curcuma L., Globba L., Hedychium J. Koenig, Kaempferia L., and Renealmia L.f. have visually attractive flowers and inflorescences and are cultivated as ornamentals. 3 The rhizomes from many species in the genera Alpinia Roxb., 1810, Curcuma L., Hedychium J. Koenig, and Zingiber Mill., 1754 contain essential oils for producing soaps, cosmetics, and perfumes. 3 In addition, a number of ginger species are medicinally used in various traditional systems throughout the world. Examples are A. melegueta, C. longa, and Z. officinale, preparations of which are used for treating many diseases ranging from infectious diseases and inflammatory conditions to hypertension and diabetes mellitus. 4 Parts from A. melegueta, C. longa, and R. alpinia are also used in religious ceremonies. 3 This paper first presents some general information about the Zingiberacea family, subsequently provides some background on Suriname, then extensively addresses the traditional uses of one representative species of the seven Zingiberacea genera in the ABSTRACT The Zingiberacea or ginger family is a family of flowering plants comprising roughly 1,600 species of aromatic perennial herbs with creeping horizontal or tuberous rhizomes divided into about 50 genera. The Zingiberaceae are distributed throughout tropical Africa, Asia, and the Americas. Many members are economically important as spices, ornamentals, cosmetics, traditional medicines, and/or ingredients of religious rituals. One of the most prominent characteristics of this plant family is the presence of essential oils in particularly the rhizomes but in some cases also the leaves and other parts of the plant. The essential oils are in general made up of a variety of, among others, terpenoid and phenolic compounds with important biological activities. The Republic of Suriname (South America) is well-known for its ethnic and cultural diversity as well as its extensive ethnopharmacological knowledge and unique plant biodiversity. This paper first presents some general information on the Zingiberacea family, subsequently provides some background about Suriname and the Zingiberacea species in the country, then extensively addresses the traditional uses of one representative of the seven genera in the country and provides the phytochemical and pharmacological support for these uses, and concludes with a critical appraisal of the medicinal values of these plants.

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Efficacy of Essential Oils From Some African Spices Against Two Strains of Bacillus cereus Isolated From Vegetable Salad

Cited by 6 publications

References 15 publications

Correlation between Time of Harvesting and Duration before Cooling on the Microbial Quality of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Correlation between Time of Harvesting and Duration before Cooling on the Microbial Quality of French Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Antibacterial Activity of Defatted and Nondefatted Methanolic Extracts of Aframomum melegueta K. Schum. against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria of Clinical Importance

Phytochemical and Pharmacological Support for the Traditional Uses of Zingiberacea Species in Suriname - A Review of the Literature

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