Efficacy of Granisetron Compared to Ondansetron as Prophylactic Antiemetic in General Anaesthesia

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is one of the most distressing and frequent adverse event occurring after general anaesthesia. OBJECTIVES: To compare the efficacy of Ondansetron with Granisetron in preventing post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after general anaesthesia. STUDY DESIGN: The study was conducted over a period of 1.5 years in the Department of Anaesthesiology in SRMSIMS, Bareilly on patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 60 patients of American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) status I and II were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1(n=30) Ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg i.v, Group 2(n=30) Granisetron 10 mcg/kg i.v. Incidence of nausea and vomiting was observed upto 24 hours post operatively after extubation. The efficacy was assessed in terms of number (percentage) of patients with mild nausea not requiring rescue antiemetic, number (percentage) of patients with severe nausea or vomiting requiring rescue antiemetic and number (percentage) of patients with no nausea or vomiting for 24 hours post operatively. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Data presented as number and percentages. Analysis done using ANOVA followed by Chi square, Unpaired 't-test'. RESULTS: The number (percentage) of patients with mild nausea not requiring rescue antiemetic in group 1 was 10(33.3%) and in group 2 was 2(6.6%). The number (percentage) of patients with severe nausea or vomiting requiring rescue antiemetic in group 1 was 12(40%) and in group 2 was 5(16.6%).The number (percentage) of patients with no nausea or vomiting in group 1 was 8(26.6%) and in group 2 was 23(76.6%). CONCLUSION: Granisetron is the better drug for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting than Ondansetron.