Efficacy of hepatitis B immune globulin in prevention of perinatal transmission of the hepatitis B virus

Hepatitis B immunoglobulin during pregnancy for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus

“…We excluded 30 studies for any of the following reasons: HBIG was administered to participants, but it was not a not randomised clinical trial (Goudeau 1983;Nair 1984;Chung 1985;Lo 1985;Theppisai 1987;Tsega 1988;Boutin 1990;Birnbaum 1992;Erdem 1994;Harold 1995;Boisier 1996;Euler 2003;Denis 2004;Zhu 2004;Zhang 2005;Chen 2006b;Pan 2006;Batham 2007;De Ruiter 2008;Da Conceicao 2009;Jonas 2009); women were pregnant, but they received both HBIG and hepatitis B vaccine together; women were pregnant but received HBIG and lamivudine (an antiretroviral medication); women received hepatitis B vaccine, HBIG, and lamivudine (Xu 2009); mothers only received only hepatitis B vaccine (Gupta 2003); a clinical review of hepatitis B in pregnancy (Edmunds 1996). We excluded five studies because the pregnant women did not receive HBIG during pregnancy, but their newborn babies received HBIG (Beasley 1981;Beasley 1983a;Beasley 1983b;Xu 1985;Esteban 1986).…”

Effect of hepatitis B immunisation in newborn infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen: systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Hepatitis B immunoglobulin has high levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen. The immunoglobulin is immediately effective and seems protective for several months, after which it wanes 11 12. In the present systematic review, we assessed the beneficial and harmful effects of hepatitis B vaccines and hepatitis B immunoglobulin in newborn infants of mothers positive for hepatitis B surface antigen.…”

Comparative evaluation of the immunogenicity of yeast‐derived (recombinant) and plasma‐derived hepatitis B vaccine in infants

“…The emergence of vaccine resistant mutant HBV straids1 [Carman et al, 19901 may create a further problem. Earlier methods available for prevention of perinatal transmission were by specific high titre anti-HBs immunoglobulin [Beasely et al, 1983a,b;Nair et al, 1984;Kanai et al, 1985;KO et al, 19871, either alone or with specific HBV vaccine [Wong et al, 19841. Early immunoglobulin administration followed by vaccination increases the cost, particularly when a large population is to be immunised and without any discernible advantage [Mulley et al, 1982;Xu et al, 19851. A randomised clinical trial was undertaken of vac-cines derived from plasma (HB-Vax, Merck, Sharpe & Dhome (MSD), USA) and recombinant yeast vaccine (Engerix-B, Smith Kline and French [SKF], Belgium) in infants born to carrier mothers.…”