Efficacy of hepatitis B sero-vaccination in newborns of African HBsAg positive mothers

Chakvetadze, Catherine; Roussin, C.; Roux, Jonathan; Mallet, Vincent; Petinelli, M.E.; Pol, Stanislas

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.101

Cited by 29 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Based on the results that none of the 207 HBsAg negative children was defined to have occult HBV infection, we consider that the prevalence of occult HBV infection in vaccinated children of HBsAg positive mothers should be extremely low. Our results are comparable to the prevalence of occult HBV infection in vaccinated children to be around 0.1–2% [6], [7]. Elrashidy et al also reported that HBV DNA was not detected in each of the 170 vaccinated children and adolescents in Egypt [15].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

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Rare Detection of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Children of Mothers with Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

et al. 2014

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The prevalence of occult Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in children was considerably varied from 0.1–64% in different reports. In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence of occult HBV infection among the children born to mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in Jiangsu, China. Serum samples were collected from 210 children of 207 mothers with positive HBsAg. HBV serological markers were detected by ELISA and HBV DNA was detected by nested PCR. Homology comparison of HBV sequences recovered from the child and mother was used to define the infection. Three children (1.43%) were positive for HBsAg, in whom the HBV pre S and S gene sequence in each child was identical to that in her mother. Of the 207 HBsAg-negative children, nine displayed HBV DNA positive by two nested PCR assays using primers derived from S and C genes. However, the sequence alignment showed that the sequences in each child were considerably different from those in his/her mother. Therefore, the sequences amplified from the children were very likely resultant from the cross-contaminations. Furthermore, the nine children with ‘positive HBV DNA’ were all negative for anti-HBc, and one had anti-HBs 3.42 mIU/ml and eight others had anti-HBs from 72 to >1000 mIU/ml, indicating that the nine children were less likely infected with HBV. Therefore, none of the 207 HBsAg-negative children of HBV-infected mothers was found to have occult HBV infection. We conclude that the prevalence of occult HBV infection in vaccinated children born to HBsAg positive mothers should be extremely low. We recommend that homology comparison of sequences recovered from the child and mother be used to define the occult HBV infection in children born to HBV infected mothers.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Surprisingly, as high as 28% and 64% of the vaccinated children born to HBsAg-positive mothers in India and Iran were respectively reported to have occult HBV infection [4], [5]. By contrast, other studies showed that the occult HBV infection rates were only 0.1–2% in Taiwan and African [6], [7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Rare Detection of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Children of Mothers with Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

et al. 2014

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“…In this study, HBV prevalence, defined as recent or past infection, was 35.5% among PW. The result is consistent with HBV epidemiology on Mayotte, the route of HBV transmission being mainly perinatal, from mother to child or from person to person in early childhood [13][14][15][16]20,21,24,25,27,28,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…Among PW of Mayotte Island, both qualification and birthplace were significantly associated with HBV vaccination. Birthplace is known to be an important demographic factor linked with the endemicity of HBV infection in these areas [1,3,18,20,21,24,25,27,28,[36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Unemployment and education were other determinants of HBV vaccination, suggesting that education is important in successful HBV vaccination programs [1,2].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in a study conducted on Mayotte [20], only HBsAg served to determine the prevalence rate and factors associated with HBV infection; interpretation of the results was limited by missing anti-HBs and anti-HBc values in some PW. Precise definition of HBV infection status is therefore important to understand the dynamics of the epidemic and to improve prevention strategies, especially in the context of sexually-transmitted infections (STIs) on Indian Ocean islands, such as Mayotte [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. In this context, statistical methods for missing data, such as multiple imputation (MI) [29][30][31], can improve estimates and better assess HBV epidemiology and public health [32][33][34].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Socio-demographic and behavioral determinants of hepatitis B vaccination and infection in pregnant women on Mayotte Island, Indian Ocean

Saindou

Voirin

Troalen³

et al. 2013

Vaccine

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Occult hepatitis B virus infection in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers after neonatal passive-active immunoprophylaxis

et al. 2015

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Efficacy of hepatitis B sero-vaccination in newborns of African HBsAg positive mothers

Cited by 29 publications

References 16 publications

Rare Detection of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Children of Mothers with Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

Rare Detection of Occult Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Children of Mothers with Positive Hepatitis B Surface Antigen

Socio-demographic and behavioral determinants of hepatitis B vaccination and infection in pregnant women on Mayotte Island, Indian Ocean

Occult hepatitis B virus infection in children born to HBsAg-positive mothers after neonatal passive-active immunoprophylaxis

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