Efficacy of<i>Lactobacillus GG</i>as a Diarrheal Preventive in Travelers

Hilton, Eileen; Kolakowski, Pat; Singer, Carol; Smith, Miriam A.

doi:10.1111/j.1708-8305.1997.tb00772.x

Cited by 292 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 15 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

132

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…8 Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG is a safe probiotic bacterium, relatively resistant to acid and bile, which adheres in vitro to epithelial cells and intestinal mucus, 9,10 elaborates an antimicrobial substance 11 and transiently colonizes the human intestine. 12,13 Lactobacillus GG has shown promise in the treatment of rotavirus, 14 travellers' 15 and relapsing Clostridium difficile 16 diarrhoea. Although recent studies have provided evidence that beneficial probiotic bacteria can reduce relapses of chronic pouchitis, many questions remain with regard to the dosage required and the selection of the probiotic strain: do we need probiotic cocktails together with antibiotics for a clinical response or is a single probiotic strain effective?…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on ileal pouch inflammation and microbial flora

Kuisma

Mentula

Järvinen

et al. 2003

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

257

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARYBackground: Preliminary trials of probiotics in preventing recurrent chronic pouchitis have been encouraging. Aim: To investigate the efficacy of Lactobacillus GG supplementation as primary therapy for ileal pouch inflammation, and its effect on the microbial flora. Methods: Twenty patients, with a previous history of pouchitis and endoscopic inflammation, were recruited for a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled trial of Lactobacillus GG supplementation (10 LGG, 10 placebo) in two gelatine capsules [(0.5-1) · 10 10 colony-forming units/capsule] b.d. for 3 months. Quantitative bacterial culture of fresh faecal samples and biopsies taken from the pouch and afferent limb was performed before and after supplementation.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on ileal pouch inflammation and microbial flora

Kuisma

Mentula

Järvinen

et al. 2003

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

257

121

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The beneficial effects of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) have been documented and have a long history of use in humans (8, 9, 28). Indeed, many clinical trails have been carried out (in both human and animal models) where direct health benefits from probiotic intake has been investigated (16,23,33). More recently, interest has turned to the potentially advantageous effects of dietary substrates that can be fermented by populations of indigenous probiotic gut bacteria.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Polydextrose, Lactitol, and Fructo-Oligosaccharide Fermentation by Colonic Bacteria in a Three-Stage Continuous Culture System

Probert

Apajalahti²,

Rautonen³

et al. 2004

Appl Environ Microbiol

128

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In vitro fermentations were carried out by using a model of the human colon to simulate microbial activities of lower gut bacteria. Bacterial populations (and their metabolic products) were evaluated under the effects of various fermentable substrates. Carbohydrates tested were polydextrose, lactitol, and fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS). Bacterial groups of interest were evaluated by fluorescence in situ hybridization as well as by speciesspecific PCR to determine bifidobacterial species and percent-G؉C profiling of the bacterial communities present. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) produced during the fermentations were also evaluated. Polydextrose had a stimulatory effect upon colonic bifidobacteria at concentrations of 1 and 2% (using a single and pooled human fecal inoculum, respectively). The bifidogenic effect was sustained throughout all three vessels of the in vitro system (P ‫؍‬ 0.01 seen in vessel 3), as corroborated by the bacterial community profile revealed by %G؉C analysis. This substrate supported a wide variety of bifidobacteria and was the only substrate where Bifidobacterium infantis was detected. The fermentation of lactitol had a deleterious effect on both bifidobacterial and bacteroides populations (P ‫؍‬ 0.01) and decreased total cell numbers. SCFA production was stimulated, however, particularly butyrate (beneficial for host colonocytes). FOS also had a stimulatory effect upon bifidobacterial and lactobacilli populations that used a single inoculum (P ‫؍‬ 0.01 for all vessels) as well as a bifidogenic effect in vessels 2 and 3 (P ‫؍‬ 0.01) when a pooled inoculum was used. A decrease in bifidobacteria throughout the model was reflected in the percent-G؉C profiles.The contribution of the human colonic microbiota towards improved host health and disease is presently a topical area of research. The beneficial effects of probiotic lactic acid bacteria (such as bifidobacteria and lactobacilli) have been documented and have a long history of use in humans (8, 9, 28). Indeed, many clinical trails have been carried out (in both human and animal models) where direct health benefits from probiotic intake has been investigated (16,23,33). More recently, interest has turned to the potentially advantageous effects of dietary substrates that can be fermented by populations of indigenous probiotic gut bacteria. These so-called prebiotics selectively stimulate beneficial flora components while suppressing, or having no stimulatory effect upon, less desirable bacteria, such as proteolytic bacteroides and clostridia and gram-negative pathogens such as Escherichia coli, shigellas, and salmonellas (11). Through not relying on the addition of exogenous bacteria, there are no survivability or safety issues. A number of prebiotic substrates already have scientific credibility and widespread acceptance, such as inulin, oligofructose (both fructooligosaccharides [FOS]), galacto-oligosaccharides, and lactulose (29,30,35). These substrates have been tested in various human trials for their prebiotic effects.Here we invest...

show abstract

“…Three double-blind RCT have suggested some preventive efficacy of L. rhamnosus GG and S. boulardii (Oksanen et al 1990;von Kollaritsch et al 1993;Hilton et al 1997). Unfortunately, these studies had some methodological problems and the evidence for the effect remains low.…”

Section: Traveller's Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, the reduction of the risk was not significant. In the second RCT, 400 American travellers received L. rhamnosus GG or a placebo (Hilton et al 1997). More than one third were excluded from the analysis because they did not take the medication.…”

Section: Traveller's Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotics and intestinal health effects: a clinical perspective

2002

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Probiotics are viable non-pathogenic micro-organisms which, when ingested, exert a positive influence on host health or physiology. We have critically analysed the evidence for the efficacy of specific probiotic strains in human gastrointestinal diseases. The best evidence can be obtained with randomised controlled trials which avoid bias. Good evidence has been obtained with several strains in the prevention or treatment of antibiotic-associated disorders, in the treatment (and to a lesser extent prevention) of gastroenteritis and acute diarrhoea and in the alleviation of lactose intolerance. We also analysed the recent randomised controlled trials performed in patients with Clostridium difficile or Helicobacter pylori, inflammatory bowel disease, irritable bowel syndrome, non-ulcer dyspepsia and colon cancer.

show abstract

Efficacy ofLactobacillus GGas a Diarrheal Preventive in Travelers

Cited by 292 publications

References 15 publications

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on ileal pouch inflammation and microbial flora

Effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG on ileal pouch inflammation and microbial flora

Polydextrose, Lactitol, and Fructo-Oligosaccharide Fermentation by Colonic Bacteria in a Three-Stage Continuous Culture System

Probiotics and intestinal health effects: a clinical perspective

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About