Efficacy of Leaf Extract of Piliostigma Thonningii for Control of Root-Knot Nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) on Eggplant

Abstract

Extracts of Piliostigma thonningii were tested for their effectiveness in controlling Meloidogyne javanica eggs and juveniles in the laboratory and on eggplant cv ‘Yalon Data’. A thousand juveniles were placed in 12 petridishes and extracts of P. thonningii (Crude extracts, 5 ml dilution and 10 ml dilution of the crude extracts) were dispensed into the petridishes. One thousand eggs of the M. javanica were placed in 12 petridishes and treated with the same extracts used on the juveniles. For the field experiment, 12 plots of size 2m x2m were prepared and planted with nine plants of eggplant cv ‘Yalon Data’. Seedlings of eggplants were transplanted after three weeks in the nursery to the field into holes drenched with 10 ml of the extracts used in the laboratory tests. Subsequent applications of extracts were done weekly for eight weeks. The results showed that the crude extract was the most effective against both the eggs (87.43 % hatch inhibition) and juveniles (90.23 % mortality). In the field, eggplants treated with the crude extract recorded the tallest plants ((124.78 cm -2017 and 125.00 cm-2018), highest number of fruits/plant (18.51-2017 and 19.55-2018), highest yield (50.45t/ha-2017 and 53.78t/ha-2018) and the lowest galling indices and final nematode population. It is therefore concluded that the crude extract of P. thonningii can be employed for the control of M. javanica in the field.

Use of Plant Material in the Management of Plant Parasitic Nematodes

“…Piliostigma thonningii leaf aqueous extracts were applied by drenching around eggplants in a field that had been infected with M. javanica. The results revealed that the crude extract-treated eggplants had the tallest plants, the most fruits per plant, the highest yield, and the lowest galling indices and final nematode populations [69].…”

NEMATOCIDAL PROPERTIES OF RED SILK COTTON (Bombax costatum Pellegr. & Vuil.) FLOWER AGAINST ROOT-KNOT NEMATODE, (Meloidogyne javanica (Treub. 1885) CHITWOOD 1949

“…Chemicals such as carbofuran and methyl bromide have been used to control RKN (Fatoki, 2001;Adegbite, 2003;Orisajo and Dongo, 2007;Orisajo et al, 2008) but their extreme level of toxicity to man, plants and environmental pollution has precluded them from such use. Attention then turned to the use of plants in the form of powders, extracts and compost to control RKN and they have been found to be effective in reducing the harmful activities of nematodes on crops as well as being nontoxic to man and the environment (Coltro-Roncato et al, 2016;Bajestani et al, 2017;Bakr, 2018;Ogwulumba and Ogwulumba, 2018;Aji et al, 2019;Mamman et al, 2020;Moazezikho et al, 2020;Mamman et al, 2021). This necessitated the use of B. costatum to find out if it has the potential to curb damage to crops by M. javanica.…”