Efficacy of Magnesium Supplementation on Glycemic Control in Type 2 Diabetes Patients: A Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate if magnesium supplementation, in addition to standard therapy, improves fasting blood sugar (FBS) and/or glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared to placebo or other comparator.Methodology. We searched MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, Acta Medica Philippina, Health Research and Development Information Network (HERDIN) and references of reviewed journals from 1966 to July 2015 using the following search terms: "magnesium" OR "magnesium supplementation" OR "magnesium replacement", AND randomized controlled trial AND diabetes OR diabetes mellitus OR non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus OR diabetic OR diab* (with MeSH, where available). Studies were retrieved and rated independently using the standards provided by The Cochrane Collaboration. High quality trials were included in a systematic review and meta-analysis.Results. Of the 689 records screened, 10 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis and 7 studies in the metaanalysis. Pooled data showed a non-significant trend towards improvement in glycemic control in the magnesiumtreated group (mean difference -0.19, CI -0.58 to 0.21). There was a stronger but still non-significant trend in T2DM patients with hypomagnesemia (mean difference -1.16, CI -2.92 to 0.6).Conclusion. Routine magnesium supplementation for improvement in glycemic control in T2DM patients cannot be recommended based on data from included studies in this meta-analysis.

Effects of magnesium supplementation on improving hyperglycemia, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertension in type 2 diabetes: A pooled analysis of 24 randomized controlled trials

“…The increased prevalence of hypomagnesaemia identified in diabetic cases informs the design and development of magnesium supplementation to ameliorate the status of T2D patients ( 43 ). Similar to previous review that magnesium supplementation for 1 to 4 months reduced FPG ( 14 ), and contrary to the meta-analysis done by Chua et al ( 44 ) that routine magnesium intervention had no effects on HbA1c, our updated findings revealed that oral magnesium both significantly decreased the FPG and increased the HbA1c in T2D persons, highlighting the important role of magnesium in improving the short- and long-term glycemic control. Magnesium may improve glucose metabolism via several pathways.…”

Why there is an Increased Risk of Cardiac Failure, Widening of Pulse Pressure and Hemorrhagic Stroke in Type 2 Diabetics Over Age 60: Roles of Unrecognized Hypomagnesemia and Epigenetics Coupled with Increased Levels of Ceramides, Cytokines, ROS, 4-HNE and Platelet-Activating Factor

“…We believe, at the very least, that the evidence presented here in, adds considerable support to the hypothesis suggested more than two decades ago [154,155] that water intake (from tap waters, well waters, bottled waters, and beverages using tap/well/spring waters) in humans varying between one and two liters/day with Mg 2+ intakes varying from 20 to >100 mg/l , may, as we have suggested recently [54,79,86,87,90,138], represent an excellent way to overcome and control marginal intakes of Mg obtained with most Western diets (with shortfalls of between 250-350 mg Mg/day). Moreover, in view of our findings and those of others [6,[146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153], it is probably propitious to suggest that all desalinated-purified recovered/recycled waters, harvested rain waters, well waters, and all bottled waters given to humans to drink should be supplemented with bioavailable Mg 2+ to ameliorate the induction of cardiovascular risk factors, disease processes, and the progression of diabetic disease processes worldwide.…”

“…But it is, indeed, of considerable interest, to note here, that treatment of T2D as well as T1D subjects with Mg, by different groups [6,[145][146][147][148][149][150][151][152][153], including ours [32][33][34], appears to stabilize these patients metabolically and provide a better life style than just diabetic drugs, alone, which often have very dangerous side effects.…”