Efficacy of methyl bromide and alternative fumigants against pinewood nematode in pine wood samples

Seabright, Kendhl; Davila-Flores, Amanda; Myers, Scott W.; Taylor, Adam

doi:10.1007/s41348-019-00297-7

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…However, most pesticides can be harmful to non-target organisms and have been consecutively withdrawn, due to serious environmental and human health concerns [14]. Strong pressures on the development of improved ecological biopesticides has prompted researchers to explore environmentally friendlier natural compounds with increased anti-nematode properties which are, at the same time, cost-effective [15,16]. Preliminary breakthroughs have been achieved by screening highly active plant natural compounds that show direct activity against the PWN.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals as Biopesticides against the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A Review on Essential Oils and Their Volatiles

Faria

Barbosa

Vieira

et al. 2021

Plants

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The impacts of a rapidly changing environment together with the growth in global trade activities has promoted new plant pest pandemic events in forest ecosystems. The pinewood nematode (PWN), Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, causes strong worldwide economic and ecological impacts. Direct control is performed through trunk injection of powerful nematicides, however many of these (hemi)synthetic compounds have raised ecological and human health concerns for affecting non-target species and accumulating in food products. As sustainable alternatives, essential oils (EOs) have shown very promising results. In this work, available literature on the direct activity of EOs against PWN is reviewed, as a contribution to advance the search for safer and greener biopesticides to be used in sustainable PWD pest management strategies. For the first time, important parameters concerning the bioassays performed, the PWNs bioassayed, and the EOs used are summarized and comparatively analyzed. Ultimately, an overview of the chemical composition of the most active EOs allowed to uncover preliminary guidelines for anti-PWN EO efficiency. The analysis of important information on the volatile phytochemicals composing nematicidal EOs provides a solid basis to engineer sustainable biopesticides capable of controlling the PWN under an integrated pest management framework and contributes to improved forest health.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals as Biopesticides against the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A Review on Essential Oils and Their Volatiles

Faria

Barbosa

Vieira

et al. 2021

Plants

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“…In terms of number of sapwood locations positive to the pathogen after treatments, the efficacy of SF against B. fagacearum is lower than that of MB (Yang et al., 2019). SF was also less efficient than ethanedinitrile (EDN) against other tree pathogens (Seabright et al., 2020). …”

Section: Evaluation Of Risk Reduction Options Proposed In a Systems Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seabright et al. (2020) showed in fact how SF is much less effective than MB on fresh wood: its effectiveness is lower on logs, as penetration capacity is a function of distance, and is contrasted by high wood moisture content and by bark presence.…”

Section: Appendix B – Elicited Values For Pest Freedommentioning

confidence: 99%

Commodity risk assessment of oak logs with bark from the US for the oak wilt pathogen Bretziella fagacearum under an integrated systems approach

Bragard¹,

Dehnen‐Schmutz²,

Serio³

et al. 2020

EFS2

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The European Commission submitted to the EFSA Panel on Plant Health a Dossier by USDA proposing a systems approach to mitigate the risk of entry of Bretziella fagacearum to the EU when trading oak logs with bark from the USA . Due to the forthcoming ban of methyl bromide ( MB ), the Dossier indicates sulfuryl fluoride ( SF ) as the substitute fumigant for this commodity. After collecting additional evidence from USDA , EU NPPO s, external experts and the published literature, the Panel performed a quantitative assessment on the likelihood of pest freedom for B. fagacearum at the point of entry in the EU , comparing the proposed systems approach with those already implemented by Commission Decision 2005/359/ EC . The Panel provided also a non‐quantitative assessment for all risk reduction options ( RRO s) proposed to be undertaken in the EU , from the point of entry to processing at the sawmill. The quantitative assessment until the EU point of entry, based on experts’ judgement, indicated that: i) the most effective import option remains the current one with MB (95% certainty that between 9,573 and 10,000 containers per 10,000 would be free of B. fagacearum ), followed by that with SF (95% certainty that between 8,639 and 10,000 containers per 10,000 would be free of B. fagacearum ) and, last, by the other existing option based on delivering white oak logs in certain periods of the year to certain regions of the EU without fumigation (95% certainty, between 7,803 and 10,000 containers per 10,000). RRO s proposed to be undertaken in the EU are expected to further reduce the risk of establishment of B. fagacearum , should these RRO s be regulated, correctly implemented and checked by NPPO s. A wood pathway analysis is needed to quantitatively assess the importance of each measure and to optimise regulatory actions and risk management efforts.

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“…Over the past 10 years, a significant amount of research has been conducted globally on the effectiveness of EDN on insects and pathogens. Key countries where considerable efforts have been undertaken to evaluate the efficaciousness of EDN for forest products include New Zealand, 9,11,12 South Korea, [13][14][15][16] Australia, [17][18][19] Czech Republic, [20][21][22] Canada, 10 USA [23][24][25] and Russia. 26,27 These studies have demonstrated that EDN can control many forest insects and pathogens at commercially viable concentrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison between the penetration characteristics of methyl bromide and ethanedinitrile through the bark of pine (Pinus radiata D.Don) logs

Hall

Adlam

2023

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Ethanedinitrile (EDN) is a fumigant being commercialized worldwide as an alternative phytosanitary treatment to methyl bromide (MB) for forest products. The penetration characteristics of MB and EDN were measured through the bark of wooden blocks (100 × 100 × 50 mm) cut from the upper (average bark thickness 5 ± 2 mm) and lower (average bark thickness 25 ± 5 mm) trunk of recently felled pine (Pinus radiata D.Don) trees. Doses of 48 g m−3 MB and 50 g m−3 EDN were applied to chambers at 10 and 20°C for 10 h. RESULTS Penetration of MB was influenced by the interaction between fumigation time and temperature, with concentrations increasing at a higher rate at 20°C compared with at 10°C. After 10 h, an average concentration of 8.05 ± 0.89 g m−3 had penetrated the bark of log sections at 20°C, whereas 5.20 ± 0.89 g m−3 was measured at 10°C. By contrast, the factors examined in this study did not significantly impact the penetration of EDN. Concentration × time (CT) values for MB under the bark were 35.20 ± 2.30 g h m−3 at 10°C and 55.85 ± 9.58 g h m−3 at 20°C; whereas for EDN, CT values were 19.50 ± 6.80 g h m−3 at 10°C and 19.08 ± 4.10 g h m−3 at 20°C. CONCLUSION MB can achieve a higher concentration under the bark of log sections during simulated fumigations, but all of the factors examined affected the ability of MB to penetrate the bark of wooden blocks. By comparison, the penetration of EDN through the bark is more consistent than MB under laboratory conditions. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.

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Efficacy of methyl bromide and alternative fumigants against pinewood nematode in pine wood samples

Cited by 8 publications

References 7 publications

Phytochemicals as Biopesticides against the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A Review on Essential Oils and Their Volatiles

Phytochemicals as Biopesticides against the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus: A Review on Essential Oils and Their Volatiles

Commodity risk assessment of oak logs with bark from the US for the oak wilt pathogen Bretziella fagacearum under an integrated systems approach

Comparison between the penetration characteristics of methyl bromide and ethanedinitrile through the bark of pine (Pinus radiata D.Don) logs

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