Efficacy of Mineral Cationic Carrier Against Sulphur Mustard in Skin Decontamination

Vučemilović, Ante; Hadžija, Mirko; Jukić, Ivan

doi:10.2478/10004-1254-59-2008-1894

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Sulfur mustard (SM) or bis (chloroethyl) sulfide with a molecular formula of C 4 H 8 Cl 2 S is a toxic chemical agent that belongs to a class of vesicant compounds [ 1 , 2 ]. César-Mansuète Despretz and Alfred Riche reported SM synthesis from the ethylene and sulfur dioxide reaction in 1822 and 1854 [ 3 ].…”

Section: A Brief History Of Sulfur Mustardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to sulfur mustard

Firoozabadi

Sheikhi

Rahmani

et al. 2017

pdia

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Sulfur mustard (SM) is a toxic chemical agent that belongs to a class of vesicant compounds. In the 1980s it was used by the Iraqi army against Iranian forces. Sulfur mustard severely irritates the skin, eyes and lungs. The highest side effects seen in patients affected by this gas are pulmonary complications including different types of lung diseases such as bronchiolitis. It has also led to a certain type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease called mustard lung. Similar extra-pulmonary, molecular and hormonal effects can be observed in these patients and patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Here cardiovascular complications may be one of the most dangerous visible effects. And atherosclerosis is probable following the direct effects or consequential long-term effects of SM. The development of atherosclerosis in these patients is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and coronary artery disease. Coronary artery bypass grafting surgery is the treatment of coronary artery disease. Doing this surgery by bypass pump has its own morbidity and due to local and systemic inflammation changes in patients with SM pulmonary disorders it may have more side effects. Therefore, detailed knowledge of inflammatory diseases as well as the serum level or even the local lung fluid of the inflammatory factors in these patients before surgery are needed so that it would be possible to reduce the rate of morbidity and mortality by normalizing the inflammatory conditions of the patients before cardiac surgery.

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Section: A Brief History Of Sulfur Mustardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risks of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to sulfur mustard

Firoozabadi

Sheikhi

Rahmani

et al. 2017

pdia

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“…Nadalje, oni sporije djeluju i imaju veću LD 50 od živčanih (9,14,23,70). Njihova je dekontaminacija velik izazov za znanstvenike koji se bave proučavanjem tih kemijskih reakcija, jer su to jako agresivne kemikalije (76,77).…”

Section: Biološke Nokseunclassified

Toxicological Effects of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Noxious Agents in Modern Warfare and Terorrism

Vučemilović¹

2010

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Oružja za masovno uništavanje najbolji su primjer uporabe civilizacijskih tehnoloških dostignuća u štetne svrhe i protiv ljudske civilizacije. Unatoč nastojanjima oko kontrole i smanjenja njihove količine, rizik zbog samoga postojanja pa čak i širenja zahtijeva da se o njihovoj uporabi i dalje vodi računa i da se povećaju obrambene mjere -nuklearno-biološko-kemijske obrane (NBKO). Osim suvremenog vojnika koji je u vojnim i mirovnim operacijama diljem svijeta izložen raznim noksama kemijskog, biološkog i radiološkog podrijetla, nezaštićeno i uglavnom slabo educirano civilno stanovništvo može biti izloženo terorističkim napadima. Oružja za masovno uništavanje i nokse kemijskog, biološkog i radiološkog podrijetla uzrokuju razne toksikološke posljedice, a bez obzira na njihovo podrijetlo, imaju zajednički nazivnik djelovanja -poremećaj fi ziološkog stanja u organizmu. Poremećaji proizašli nakon izlaganja tim noksama nerijetko se teško determiniraju, dijagnosticiraju i liječe. U ovome su radu s biomedicinskog aspekta obrađene važnije nokse kemijskog, biološkog i radiološkog podrijetla na temelju odabranih primjera iz terorizma i suvremenog ratovanja: polonij-210, osiromašeni uran, salmonela, bedrenica (antraks), genetički modifi cirane bakterije, polimerno predivo "paučina" i bojni otrovi sarin i iperit. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2010;61:247-256 Unatoč nastojanjima oko kontrole i smanjenja količine oružja za masovno uništavanje, rizik zbog njegova daljnjeg postojanja pa čak i širenja zahtijeva da se o njegovoj uporabi i dalje vodi računa te da se povećaju obrambene mjere -nuklearno-biološko-kemijske obrane (NBKO) (1-4). KLJUČNE RIJEČI: bedrenica, bojni otrovi, genetski modifi cirane bakterije, iperit, nuklearno-biološko-kemijska obrana, osiromašeni uran, polimerno predivo "paučina", polonij-210, salmonela, sarin, vojne operacije Vučemilović A. NOXIOUS AGENTS IN MODERN WARFARE AND TERORRISMOružja za masovno uništavanje prisutna su kroz cijelu povijest ljudske civilizacije. Od prastarih vremena kada su se protivnicima bacala trupla u bunare s pitkom vodom, do početka 20. stoljeća uglavnom su se rabila različita priručna sredstva u svrhu trovanja ili izazivanja zaraze. Razvoj oružja za masovno uništavanje u današnjem obliku i ustrojstvu počinje tek u 20. stoljeću usporedo s naglim razvojem kemije, biologije i fi zike (5-9).Danas postoji oko 45.000 tona kemijskog oružja deklariranog od Organizacije za zabranu kemijskog oružja (OPCW) za neškodljivo uništenje (10), a velik su ekološki problem i stotine tisuća tona kemijskog streljiva na dnu mora i oceana koje korodira, a izbacivano je s brodova ponajviše nakon II. svjetskog rata (11).Osim oružja za masovno uništavanje, opasnost su i ostale nokse: biološki agensi, kemijski elementi Unauthenticated Download Date | 5/11/18 8:31 AM

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“…Our earlier study on CBA has shown that it is also an effi cacious skin decontaminant against high doses of sulphur mustard (13). This study was performed on a similar in vivo model (NOD mice) to evaluate the effi cacy of MCC ® against chemical warfare agent sarin.…”

Section: MCCmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Preclinical toxicology testing performed according to the standards and regulations of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) did not indicate acute, sub-chronic, or chronic toxicity of the preparation (11), and it proved effi cacious against skin contamination with warfare nerve agent sulphur mustard (13). In this study, we investigated the effi cacy of MCC ® against skin contamination with sarin.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Skin Decontamination with Mineral Cationic Carrier Against Sarin Determined In Vivo

Vučemilović

Hadžija

Jukić

2009

Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology

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Our Institute's nuclear, biological, and chemical defense research team continuously investigates and develops preparations for skin decontamination against nerve agents. In this in vivo study, we evaluated skin decontamination effi cacy against sarin by a synthetic preparation called Mineral Cationic Carrier (MCC ® ) with known ion exchange, absorption effi cacy and bioactive potential. Mice were treated with increasing doses of sarin applied on their skin, and MCC ® was administered immediately after contamination. The results showed that decontamination with MCC ® could achieve therapeutic effi cacy corresponding to 3 x LD 50 of percutaneous sarin and call for further research.

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Efficacy of Mineral Cationic Carrier Against Sulphur Mustard in Skin Decontamination

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Risks of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to sulfur mustard

Risks of on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to sulfur mustard

Toxicological Effects of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Noxious Agents in Modern Warfare and Terorrism

Skin Decontamination with Mineral Cationic Carrier Against Sarin Determined In Vivo

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