Introduction. Endovascular treatment of chronic total occlusion (CTO)
represents a true challenge even for experienced interventional
radiologists. We are presenting a case of hidden antegrade dissection of
external iliac artery (EIA) after failed attempt to recanalize CTO of common
femoral artery (CFA). Case outline. Fifty-two-year-old male patient was
admitted for multidetector computed tomography angiography. Left common
iliac artery (CIA) stenting was performed followed by ?crossover? attempt of
recanalization of right CFA CTO that failed. The next day, left femoral
superficial artery angioplasty was performed and after one month,
angioplasty of the left popliteal and bellow knee arteries. A month later
the patient was readmitted for surgical reconstruction of the CFA. After
desobstruction, excellent inflow was obtained and Dacron graft inserted. A
few hours postoperatively, Fogarty catheter thrombectomy was performed. The
next morning pulsations were weakened again and CT angiography showed
antegrade dissection of the EIA. Stenting of the EIA was performed with two
stents and favourable outcome. After detailed analysis of CT, hidden
thrombosed antegrade dissection of EIA was noted in lateral view, that was
not seen in posterior/anterior view and was presented as fibrous plaque with
mural thrombosis. Dissection occurred after failed attempt of CFA
recanalization and was clinically silent until flow was established
triggering opening of the false lumen and release of thrombotic masses.
Conclusion. In patients with failed angioplasty of chronic total occlusion
of CFA and CT characteristics of fibrous plaque proximal of the site of
attempted angioplasty, thrombosed antegrade dissection should be thought of.