Efficacy of nicotine chewing gum in facilitating smoking cessation

Christen, Arden G.; McDonald, James L.; Olson, Byron L.; Drook, Catherine A.; Stookey, George K.

doi:10.14219/jada.archive.1984.0387

Cited by 43 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…There were no significant differences between the two groups of smokers with regard to any test parameter. Likewise, the groups were comparable with regard to demographic characteristics and smoking habits (Christen et al, 1984).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…The non-smokers were included only to provide comparative data; they were similarly recruited but did not receive either type of chewing gum. The clinical examination and smoking cessation results have been reported separately (Christen et al, 1984;Christen et al, 1985). At the baseline, participants were given a clinical examination, provided saliva samples as subsequently described, and received a dental prophylaxis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Comparisons of Various Salivary Parameters in Smokers Before and After the Use of a Nicotine-containing Chewing Gum

et al. 1985

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This study was designed to compare various salivary parameters between smokers and non-smokers and to determine the influence of a nicotine-containing chewing gum (used to aid in quit-smoking efforts) upon these same parameters. At the baseline examination, subjects were assigned to one of three groups: non-smokers who did not utilize any gum, smokers provided a nicotine-containing gum, and smokers provided a placebo gum. Saliva was collected from all subjects and analyzed for acidogenicity and buffer pH as well as for levels of thiocyanate, lactoperoxidase, lysozyme, lactoferrin, and secretory IgA. After 15 weeks of gum usage, saliva was again collected from each subject and the identical analyses performed. Significant differences were observed between smokers and non-smokers with regard to three parameters: The saliva of smokers contained greater concentrations of thiocyanate and lower concentrations of lactoferrin, at the baseline examination and after the 15-week test period. In addition, the CO content of alveolar air was higher in smokers at both examination periods. In contrast, the use of the nicotine gum per se had no effect on any of the test parameters.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparisons of Various Salivary Parameters in Smokers Before and After the Use of a Nicotine-containing Chewing Gum

et al. 1985

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“…Two hundred and seven smokers interested in quitting were recruited to a university-based dental clinic and randomised to receive either nicotine polacrilex or placebo gum; both groups received brief cessation counselling. At the 15-week follow-up, 12.4% of patients in the nicotine gum group vs. 4.8% in the placebo group were biochemically verified as abstinent (p 5 0.05) [44].…”

Section: Use Of Dental Practitioners For Tobacco Cessationmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Christen and colleagues [44] conducted the first trial of tobacco cessation aided by nicotine gum within a dental schoolbased clinic. Two hundred and seven smokers interested in quitting were recruited to a university-based dental clinic and randomised to receive either nicotine polacrilex or placebo gum; both groups received brief cessation counselling.…”

Section: Use Of Dental Practitioners For Tobacco Cessationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco cessation in dental settings: research findings and future directions

Gordon

Lichtenstein

Severson

et al. 2006

Drug and Alcohol Review

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The hazards associated with cigarette smoking and smokeless tobacco use have been well documented. In addition to its association with many cancers and coronary conditions, tobacco plays a role in the aetiology of a number of oral morbidities. Dental care practitioners are a largely untapped resource for providing advice and brief counselling to tobacco-using patients, and there are good reasons to believe that they can be effective. Data from seven randomised trials indicate there is ample evidence for the efficacy of dental office-based interventions, but adoption of these tobacco cessation activities into practice has been slow. The limited research on dissemination of tobacco interventions is promising, but there is a need to develop and evaluate new methods for encouraging adoption, implementation and maintenance of tobacco interventions into routine dental care. Several studies currently under way may help to increase the effectiveness and dissemination of office-based tobacco cessation programmes into routine dental care. If dental practitioners provided cessation assistance routinely to their patients and achieved even modest success rates, the public health impact would be enormous. Researchers and clinicians must continue to work together towards universal adoption of effective tobacco cessation interventions at each clinical encounter.

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“…This program provides information about the effects of smoking on the body and provides advice and support for both smokers and health care professionals. Randomized clinical trials report that routine smoking cessation counseling by dental professionals increases the success rates for their patients (48–50). A trial in a periodontal clinic reported an abstinence rate at 12-months follow-up of 13.3% in the intervention group compared to 5.3% in the control group (49).…”

Section: Risk Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

General health screening as part of a periodontal examination

Raphael

2010

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes are common systemic illnesses with reliable, predictive risk factors. CVD is the number one killer worldwide accounting for nearly 30% of deaths and type 2 diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in many western industrialized countries. Both of these illnesses can go undiagnosed in an alarming number of people for significant periods of time. The relationship between oral health and systemic health has become the focus of much discussion and research in recent times. It is now widely accepted that periodontal disease is associated with systemic illnesses such as CVD and type 2 diabetes. Cigarette smoking and obesity are major risk factors accounting for a large portion of the global disease burden. Many periodontal patients may be at risk of systemic conditions but be asymptomatic and undiagnosed. With an aging population who are mostly retaining their natural dentition, the need for periodontal management will continue to rise in the future. Dental professionals are well placed to perform general health screening for their patients. Therefore, risk assessment during the periodontal examination may facilitate the early identification of the large proportion of people who are unaware of their risk status. As identification and intervention of patients with increased risk factors is key to lowering the systemic disease burden, general health screening during periodontal examinations may present an important opportunity for many patients.

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Efficacy of nicotine chewing gum in facilitating smoking cessation

Cited by 43 publications

References 11 publications

Comparisons of Various Salivary Parameters in Smokers Before and After the Use of a Nicotine-containing Chewing Gum

Comparisons of Various Salivary Parameters in Smokers Before and After the Use of a Nicotine-containing Chewing Gum

Tobacco cessation in dental settings: research findings and future directions

General health screening as part of a periodontal examination

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