Efficacy of oral Cynara scolymus and Silybum marianum on toxicity of imidocarb dipropionate in horses

Abstract

BackgroundDespite hepatotoxic effects, imidocarb dipropionate is the drug of choice for treatment of equine piroplasmosis. It is important, therefore, to identify adjuvant therapies that may improve the safety of imidocarb dipropionate by reducing the risk of liver damage during its use. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hepatoprotective and hepatoregulatory effects of treatment with Cynara scolymus and Silybum marianum during administration of imidocarb dipropionate.MethodsTen healthy horses, seroconverted to Theileria equi by C-ELISA, were treated with 5 mg/kg/day of imidocarb dipropionate for three consecutive days. The study population was divided into two groups. The control group did not receive any complementary treatments. The treated group received a daily oral supplement containing C scolymus and S marianum for 30 days. Physical, haematological and histological examinations of hepatic fragments were performed.ResultsAll haematological values remained within normal range for the study population. Histological analysis revealed that treated group animals had 62 per cent less lobular inflammation, 55 per cent less pigment accumulation, 65 per cent less steatosis and 57 per cent less portal inflammation than control group animals, with an equivalent percentage of hydropic degeneration.ConclusionC scolymus and S marianum supplements resulted in beneficial hepatoprotective effects in horses treated with imidocarb dipropionate.

Pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of two imidocarb formulations in cattle after subcutaneous injection

“…Its chemistry belongs to the family of carbanilide derivatives (3,3 0 -bis (2-imidazolin-2-yl)-carbanilide). It has been used for more than 40 years for treatment and prophylaxis of protozoal diseases including babesiosis and anaplasmosis in farm animals [6][7][8]. It has been reported to successfully cure cattle with very severe infections of Babesia bigemina by intramuscular and intravenous injection at 1 mg/kg�bw.…”

Immunochromatographic assay based on high‐affine monoclonal antibody for the detection of imidocarb in milk

“…It has favorably preventive and therapeutic effects on babesiosis, piroplasmosis and eperythrozoonosis (Bastos et al, 2020;Ch, 1986;Kuttler, 1980;Vial & Gorenflot, 2006). The therapeutic application of IM started in the 1970s, and now, IM has been widely used and internationally recognized as the best anti-piroplasma medicine (Jaramillo et al, 2020). However, it is harmful to the liver function of animals such as cattle and sheep.…”