Efficacy of Orally Administered Ondansetron in the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Dose Ranging Study

Kenny, G. N. C.; Oates, J.; Leeser, Jos; Rowbotham, David J.; Lip, Harm; Rust, Meinhard; Saur, Petra; Onsrud, Mathias; Haigh, C. G.

doi:10.1093/bja/68.5.466

Cited by 73 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The VAS scores for drowsiness were higher for the group receiving droperidol alone (P = 0.0009). The VAS scores for nausea were higher for the place- (24) 32 (12) 38 (14) 15 (6) 0.0002 (3.5 hr) Post-discharge 32 (12) 46 (17) 31 (11) 13 (5) 0.0625 Total 24 hr Period 71 (27) 61 (23) 46 (17) 23 (9) 0.0002 Need of Rescue 26 (10) 16 (6) 30 (11) 8 (3) 0.0625 Medication Data expressed as percentage of patients (number) bo group but all the scores were very low. The combination group needed less rescue medication than the other groups but this difference was not significant (Table III).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Since in the absence of any anti-emetic treatment, the incidence of PONV after gynecological surgery can be as high as around 70 %, 12,19 it was calculated that in order to decrease this incidence by 50%, 33 participants in each group would be required. This power test of significance was at the 5% level with a probability of 90%.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 However, both ondansetron and droperidol have limited efficacy in decreasing the incidence of PONV. Ondansetron lowers the PONV incidence range to 20 to 45 % [10][11][12] and only has minor transient side effects. 13,14 Droperidol lowers the PONV incidence range to 22 to 60% 15,16 and is associated with sedation, hypotension, and extrapyramidal reactions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Additive anti-emetic efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron with droperidol in out-patient gynecological laparoscopy

Belo

Koutsoukos

2000

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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Purpose: To determine the efficacy of ondansetron and droperidol, alone and in combination, administered for prophylaxis of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in women undergoing general anesthesia for outpatient gynecological laparoscopy.Methods: Following Institutional Ethics Board approval and patient consent, 160 female out-patients scheduled for laparoscopy were randomly allotted in a double-blind fashion to receive: i) saline (placebo), ii) 4 mg ondansetron, iii) 1.25 mg droperidol, or iv) 4 mg ondansetron and 1.25 mg droperidol combination intravenously on induction. Following a standardized general anesthesia, patients were interviewed and assessed for PONV at various times.Results: During the first 24 hr after surgery, the incidence of PONV in the placebo group was 71%. This was reduced to 61% with droperidol alone (P = 0.334), to 46% with ondansetron alone (P = 0.027), and to 23% with the combination group (P < 0.001). A statistically significant difference was observed between combination and droperidol (P < 0.001) and between combination and ondansetron (P = 0.036). There were fewer requests for rescue medication from the combination group (7.7%) than from the ondansetron and placebo groups. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that the combination of 4 mg ondansetron and 1.25 mg droperidol is more efficacious as a prophylactic anti-emetic than either agent alone during the 24 hr post-surgery. This additive effect may be due to the different mechanisms of action of ondansetron and droperidol.Objectif : Déterminer l'efficacité de l'ondansétron et du dropéridol, seuls ou combinés, administrés comme prophylaxie des nausées et vomissements postopératoires (NVPO) chez des patientes sous anesthésie générale lors d'une laparoscopie gynécologique en clinique externe.Méthode : Après avoir obtenu l'autorisation du Comité d'éthique médicale et le consentement des patientes, on a procédé à l'étude de 160 femmes, réparties au hasard en double aveugle, qui ont reçu avant la laparoscopie ambulatoire prévue : i) une solution salée (placebo), ii) 4 mg d'ondansétron, iii) 1,25 mg de dropéridol, ou iv) une combinaison intraveineuse de 4 mg d'ondansétron et de 1,25 mg de dropéridol à l'induction de l'anesthésie. Après l'anesthésie générale standard, les patientes ont été interrogées sur les NVPO à différents temps.Résultats : Pendant les 24 premières heures postopératoires, l'incidence des NVPO ont été de 71 % dans le groupe placebo. Cette incidence a été réduite à 61% avec de dropéridol employé seul (P = 0,334), à 46 % avec l'ondansétron seul (P = 0,027) et à 23 % avec la combinaison des deux médicaments (P < 0,001). Une différence statistiquement différente a été observée entre la combinaison et le dropéridol (P < 0,001) et entre la combinaison et l'ondansétron (P = 0,036). On enregistre moins de demandes de médication de rattrapage provenant des patientes qui ont reçu la combinaison de médicaments (7,7 %) que de celles qui ont reçu l'ondansétron ou le placebo.Conclusion : Les résultats de l'étude suggèr...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Additive anti-emetic efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron with droperidol in out-patient gynecological laparoscopy

Belo

Koutsoukos

2000

Can J Anesth/J Can Anesth

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“…The ondansetron 8-mg oral dose was determined by Kenny et al [116] to be the lowest optimal effective dose for prevention of PONV in female inpatients having gynecological surgery. For PONV prophylaxis, ondansetron 8 or 12 mg was given orally 1-2 h prior to surgery and improved PONV efficacy by 19-23% above the placebo response.…”

Section: Ondansetronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Kovac¹

2003

Antiemetic Therapy

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“…1,5,6,7 whereas following gynecological laparoscopy it was reported to be found 36%-60%. 5,8,9,10,11,12 The benefits of an effective prophylaxis are apparent in such minor procedures, which are currently being done as daycare cases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Oral Ondansetron in the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Following Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Daycare Patients

Kuragayala¹,

Pasupuleti²,

Bhimeswar³

2015

jemds

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Postoperative nausea with or without vomiting is probably the most common complication of gynaecological diagnostic laparoscopy surgery performed under general anaesthesia. Ondansetron, a 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor subtype 3 (5HT3) antagonist, has been shown to be effective in the prevention and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting. Present study is undertaken to evaluate two doses of oral ondansetron in preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting. This double blind, randomized and placebo controlled study in ASA grade I and II daycare gynaecological patients conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of two doses of oral ondansetron (8mg) administered two hours prior to laparoscopy and repeated once 12 hours later. Frequency, severity of nausea and vomiting and side effects of ondansetron were noted. Oral ondansetron is significantly reduced the incidence and severity of post-operative nausea. The frequency and number of emetic episodes were also significantly reduced. Administration of oral ondansetron 8mg twice a day is a convenient and reliable method to effectively control postoperative nausea and vomiting in daycare patients.

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Efficacy of Orally Administered Ondansetron in the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Dose Ranging Study

Cited by 73 publications

References 7 publications

Additive anti-emetic efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron with droperidol in out-patient gynecological laparoscopy

Additive anti-emetic efficacy of prophylactic ondansetron with droperidol in out-patient gynecological laparoscopy

Prevention and Treatment of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Effect of Oral Ondansetron in the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting Following Diagnostic Laparoscopy in Daycare Patients

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