Efficacy of perioperative multimodal analgesia in minimally invasive thoracoscopic treatment for severe blunt chest trauma with hemopneumothorax

Abstract

This retrospective study evaluates the clinical impact of perioperative multimodal analgesia in the minimally invasive treatment of severe blunt chest trauma with hemopneumothorax using a thoracoscopic Ni-Ti shape memory embracing plate. A total of 100 patients with severe blunt chest trauma and moderate to severe hemopneumothorax treated at Hanyang Hospital affiliated with Wuhan University of Science and Technology from January 2019 to January 2022 were enrolled. Patients were divided into 2 groups: a control group (50 patients) receiving patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA), and a study group (50 patients) administered a multimodal analgesia regimen. Pain severity scores, vital signs, and inflammatory markers were compared between the groups. Post-surgery, both groups exhibited reductions in resting and movement-associated pain scores compared to admission values, with the study group showing significantly greater reductions (P < .05). Specifically, the average heart rate in the study group was 78 ± 8 beats per minute compared to 85 ± 9 beats per minute in the control group at 3 days postsurgery (P < .05). The respiratory rate was also lower in the study group (18 ± 2 breaths per minute) compared to the control group (21 ± 3 breaths per minute; P < .05). Improvements in blood oxygen saturation were observed postoperatively in both groups, with more pronounced changes in the study group (P < .05). Although levels of interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, and C-reactive protein increased postoperatively in both groups, these increases were significantly lower in the study group (P < .05). Perioperative multimodal analgesia in patients with severe blunt chest trauma and pneumothorax enhances postoperative recovery, reduces pain, minimizes lung complications, and lowers the usage of analgesic drugs and their associated adverse effects.