Efficacy of Photobiomodulation for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Case Studies

Stephan, William; Banas, Louis J.; Brierley, William; Hamblin, Michael R.

doi:10.4236/wjns.2022.123015

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Guiterezz et al discussed several areas of research that need to be carried out for treatment of disorders in the psychological arena [24]. A case series recently published by our group reporting treatment of ADHD with super-pulsed laser PBM, underlines the need for funding a formal clinical study in this area of medicine [25].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation with Super-Pulsed Laser Shows Efficacy for Stroke and Aphasia: Case Studies

Stephan¹,

Banas²,

Misiak³

et al. 2023

WJNS

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Background: Brain disorders have become more and more common today, due to both the aging population and the ever-expanding sports community. However, a new therapeutic technology called photobiomodulation (PBM) is giving hope to thousands of individuals in need. Traumatic brain injury (TBI), dementia, post traumatic stress (PTSD) and attention deficit (ADD) disorders are in many cases quickly and safely improved by PBM. PBM employs red or near-infrared (NIR) light (600 -1100 nm) to stimulate healing, protect tissue from dying, increase mitochondrial function, improve blood flow, and tissue oxygenation. PBM can also act to reduce edema, increase antioxidants, decrease inflammation, protect against apoptosis, and modulate the microglial activation state. All these effects can occur when light is delivered to the head, and can be beneficial in both acute and chronic brain conditions. Methods: In this case series, we used a high power, FDA-approved superpulsed laser system applied to the head to treat four chronic stroke patients. Patients received as few as three 6 -9 minute treatments over a one-week period. The follow up time varied, but in one case was two years. Results: Patients showed significant improvement in their speech and verbal skills. Improvements were also noticed in walking ability, limb movement, less numbness, and better vision. Conclusion: The use of PBM in stroke rehabilitation deserves to be tested in controlled clinical trials, because this common condition has no approved pharmaceutical treatment at present.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photobiomodulation with Super-Pulsed Laser Shows Efficacy for Stroke and Aphasia: Case Studies

Stephan¹,

Banas²,

Misiak³

et al. 2023

WJNS

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“…The sex of the subjects was not reported in 13 articles (30%) [ 2 , 3 , 5 , 31 , 35 , 38 , 48 , 58 , 61 , 64 , 66 , 88 , 91 ], while, in studies reporting this information, 51% of all subjects were female. The subjects were aged between 18 and 90 years, except in four studies in which subjects under 18 years (i.e., 5 to 17 years) were used [ 63 , 78 , 98 , 99 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Safe with no side effects. Treatments will likely need to be continued on a regular basis ADHD [ 63 ] 1 8 Patients 8–46 years 3 females 0 9 min session Self-assessments Positive improvement in symptoms Anxiety [ 92 ] 1 15 Patients 18–64 years old 10 females 0 20 min sessions Neuropsychological assessment tests —SIGH-A, CGI-S, CGI-I, PSQI Treatment was effective and well tolerated. Reduction in anxiety symptoms Bipolar disorder [ 58 ] 1 5 Patients 60–85 years 3 females 1 10 min session Neuropsychological assessment tests —YMRS, TMT-B, PHQ9, DMS Improvement in cognitive tasks (e.g., cognitive flexibility, impulsivity, and attention), except for verbal fluency Motor performance [ 70 ] 1 56 Healthy volunteers 18–30 years 42 females 1 5 min session Motor performance —finger tapping test Transcranial light irradiation may improve the motor performance in healthy subjects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Devices used for photobiomodulation of the brain—a comprehensive and systematic review

Fernandes,

Oliveira,

Monteiro

et al. 2024

J NeuroEngineering Rehabil

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A systematic review was conducted to determine the trends in devices and parameters used for brain photobiomodulation (PBM). The revised studies included clinical and cadaveric approaches, in which light stimuli were applied to the head and/or neck. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar databases were used for the systematic search. A total of 2133 records were screened, from which 97 were included in this review. The parameters that were extracted and analysed in each article were the device design, actuation area, actuation site, wavelength, mode of operation, power density, energy density, power output, energy per session and treatment time. To organize device information, 11 categories of devices were defined, according to their characteristics. The most used category of devices was laser handpieces, which relate to 21% of all devices, while 28% of the devices were not described. Studies for cognitive function and physiological characterisation are the most well defined ones and with more tangible results. There is a lack of consistency when reporting PBM studies, with several articles under defining the stimulation protocol, and a wide variety of parameters used for the same health conditions (e.g., Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s disease) resulting in positive outcomes. Standardization for the report of these studies is warranted, as well as sham-controlled comparative studies to determine which parameters have the greatest effect on PBM treatments for different neurological conditions.

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“…Our most recent papers described the clinical improvement in patients treated with our laser system for Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) as well as for mild dementia [15] [16]. We have also recently obtained positive results in a case study of children and adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Treatment Efficacy of Photobiomodulation for Moderate and Advanced Dementia or Alzheimer’s Disease: Case Studies

Stephan¹,

Banas²,

Hamblin³

2022

AAD

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Extensive research is ongoing in the use of Photobiomodulation (PBM, often referred to as low-level or cold laser therapy) to treat Alzheimer's disease as well as other debilitating diseases. The following case studies further confirm that PBM could be a breakthrough approach to limit the progression of insidious diseases. We present four cases, two with mild to moderate dementia and two with more advanced symptoms. Several publications have shown beneficial results, however, several weeks of daily treatments were necessary. The cases described here suggest that moderate and advanced dementia cases can be significantly improved with three or four eight-minute treatments over a 5 -7-day period when using super-pulsing technology on Monday-Wednesday-Friday schedule (Figure 1). Gives a brief visual explanation of super-pulsing versus continuous wave technology.

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Efficacy of Photobiomodulation for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD): Case Studies

Cited by 6 publications

References 16 publications

Photobiomodulation with Super-Pulsed Laser Shows Efficacy for Stroke and Aphasia: Case Studies

Photobiomodulation with Super-Pulsed Laser Shows Efficacy for Stroke and Aphasia: Case Studies

Devices used for photobiomodulation of the brain—a comprehensive and systematic review

Treatment Efficacy of Photobiomodulation for Moderate and Advanced Dementia or Alzheimer’s Disease: Case Studies

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