Efficacy of psychiatric rehabilitation.

Abstract

The comparative effectiveness of various psychiatric rehabilitation procedures on posthospital adjustment was surveyed using the outcome criteria of hospital recidivism and posthospital employment. The percentage of psychiatric patients who receive the traditional hospital regimen of drug treatment, and perhaps some form of individual or group therapy, and who are able to remain out of the hospital or find employment was established as a base line against which the unique effects of rehabilitation procedures could be evaluated. Several of the conclusions that evolved out of the survey are as follows: (a) Most all types of inpatient treatment innovations improve the patients' in-hospital behavior, but the research does not indicate that these approaches can singularly effect posthospital adjustment. ( 6) Ex-patients who attend aftercare clinics have a lower rate of recidivism than nonattenders. (c) Transitional facilities reduce recidivism but demonstrate little effect on enabling patients to function independently, as measured by posthospital employment, in the community, (d) There is a definite need for the continued use of specific outcome criteria so that the comparative effectiveness of various psychiatric rehabilitation procedures can be meaningfully evaluated.1 Requests for reprints should be sent to William

The relationship between patient demographic characteristics and psychiatric rehabilitation outcome

“…Thus it would seem imperative that research investigations be directed tow~ard identifying what specific factors contribute significantly toward the success or failure of attempts to reintegrate the patient back into the community. Obviously, one contributing factor is the type of rehabilitation program to which the patient is exposed, and a recent study has reviewed the efficacy of these various rehabilitation techniques (Anthony, Buell, Sharratt, & Althoff, 1972). Another important variable affecting rehabilitation outcome is the patient himself; that is, what characteristics does the patient bring to the rehabilitation process that help contribute to his success or failure.…”

Processus de la psychose chez les jeunes adultes

“…Cancro et Angrist (1978) notent que si les neuroleptiques semblent être un prérequis à la réhabilitation sociale, ils n'ont pas d'effets sur les déficits sociaux et occupationnels associés au syndrome schizophrénique. De 15 à 40% seulement des schizophrènes qui vivent dans la communauté peuvent en effet subvenir à leurs besoins (Anthony et al, 1972;Mosher et al, 1971). Rappoport et al (1978) disent que si l'objectif du traitement est de réduire les symptômes, la médication antipsychotique s'impose comme traitement de choix ; mais si le but est l'amélioration clinique à long terme, elle n'est plus le traitement privilégié.…”

Evaluation of a community-based behavior modification program for prevention of delinquency: The failure of success

“…It also appears that what happens outside of the institution, rather than in the institution or in the intrapsychic processes of the patients, is the largest determinant of recidivism (Anthony, Buell, Sharratt, & Althoff, 1972). Fairweather, Sanders, Cressler, and Maynard (1969), for example, found that whereas chronic patients placed in a supportive social environment maintained themselves significantly more than nonsupported mental patients who had similarly progressed through an institutional treatment program, there were not intrapsychic or psychological "well-being" differences between the two groups.…”