Efficacy of rice husk ash against rice weevil and lesser grain borer on stored wheat

Otitodun, Grace O.; Opit, GP; Nwaubani, Samuel I.; Okonkwo, EU

doi:10.4314/acsj.v25i2.2

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Nguemtchouin et al (2013), Mbouga et al (2014) and Noudem et al (2021) reported that the toxicity, stability, and persistence of volatile active principles of O. gratissimum extracts were significantly improved by adsorption on modified and unmodified clays. Therefore, the observations do not agree with the submissions of Otitodun et al (2017), where ash of rice husk killed (91.1%) adult insects and suppressed (63.4%) F1 progeny of Rhyzopertha dominica and S. oryzae. The insecticidal efficacy of rice husk was ascribed to the high silica contents of its ash.…”

Section: Mortality Of Adult Insectscontrasting

confidence: 65%

Evaluation of Toxicity of Some Tropical Flora, Clay and Permethrin against Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. on Stored Maize Grains

Emeasor

Nwakanma

Enyiukwu

2022

Caraka Tani J. Sustain. Agric.

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Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais Motsch.) is a vital arthropod pest of maize (Zea mays L.) grains and flours in traditional storage systems. The pest bore holes into stored grains reducing their nutrient contents germination potentials and contaminating produce with frass. Its control using synthetic insecticides such as permethrin is being downplayed due to eco-mammalian toxicity from pesticide residues. Therefore, this study evaluates the toxicities of some indigenous plants Ageratum conyzoides L., Cymbopogon nardus L., clay and permethrin, under laboratory conditions to the insect pest. Maize grains weighing 50 g were treated with the plant powders and the synthetic insecticide at five different levels 0.00; 1.25; 2.50; 3.75 and 5.00 g. Subsequently, 10 adult weevils in each vial were used to infest the 50 g maize grains. Each plant powder and permethrin's effectiveness was assessed by recording weevil mortality at 5, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days post-treatment. The damage indices recorded by the weevil perforation index (WPI), percentage of perforated and unperforated grains, and weight loss percentage were also considered. Permethrin proved most toxic, followed by clay at 5.00 g among all the treatments. A. conyzoides and C. nardus were less effective in controlling S. zeamais. In conclusion, clay can be used in the integrated management of S. zeamais to minimize synthetic insecticides.

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Section: Mortality Of Adult Insectscontrasting

confidence: 65%

Evaluation of Toxicity of Some Tropical Flora, Clay and Permethrin against Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. on Stored Maize Grains

Emeasor

Nwakanma

Enyiukwu

2022

Caraka Tani J. Sustain. Agric.

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“…The results also indicated that S. oryzae significantly caused more damage to unhusked rice grains in comparison to husked rice grains, because husk contains a high concentration of silica which may disturb the feeding of S. oryzae [29]. Previous studies also reported that plant powders not only affect the feeding of insects but are also capable of blocking the spiracle of insects [30], thus, can lead to suffocation and death of the targeted insects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 80%

Efficacy of Indigenous Crude Plant Extracts against Rice Weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Imran

Bashir

Kubar

et al. 2022

PPASB

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Rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) is a widely distributed and major insect pest of rice that causes considerable losses to both husked and unhusked rice grains. Plant-based pesticides are alternative to synthetic pesticides in managing stored product pests owing to their severe hazardous effects. Thus, locally available plant leaf crude extracts i.e., neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss 1830), turmeric (Curcuma longa L. 1753), and mint (Mentha longifolia L. Huds. 1762) were investigated at 2 % (w/w) concentration against S. oryzae in unhusked and husked rice. Adult mortality was recorded at 24, 48 hours, and seven days after the application whereas, population build-up was recorded at 1-, 2-, and 3-months intervals. Overall and grain weight loss was also recorded at the end of the experiment. In husked and unhusked rice, the highest mortality percentage was observed in turmeric powder (93.30 %) and neem (80.00 %), respectively. In comparison to plant extracts, relatively higher population growth of S. oryzae was recorded in control husked and unhusked rice. At the end of the 3rd month, the highest and lowest population in husked rice grains was recorded in control (70.67 ± 3.18) and turmeric treatments (18.00 ± 2.65), respectively, whereas control and neem treatments exhibited the highest (83.67 ± 3.28) and lowest (39.67 ± 2.33) populations in unhusked rice. The lowest grain weight loss in husked and unhusked rice was recorded in turmeric (9.33 %) and neem (16.67 %), respectively. Thus, turmeric and neem extracts should be investigated on large scale under commercial warehouses for the management of S. oryzae in husked and unhusked rice.

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“…These needle-like particles cause skin irritation to the weevils, which may lead to death. It is believed that inert substances generally reduce body moisture owing to the presence of silica (87.1%) (Joseph et al 2018;Otitodun et al 2017).…”

Section: Rice Husk Ashmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biorational methods for effective pest control management in stored products for agricultural sustainability

Murugesan,

Krishanan,

Ramasamy

et al. 2024

Entomological Research

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Storage grain infestation is a critical problem, with insect pests and rodents causing economic losses and reductions in the quality of food grains and food products. It has been assessed as affecting 9% of goods in developed countries and more than 20% of goods in developing countries. The chemical insecticides used for storing products protect against insect pests, but introduce hazards associated with handling insecticides and the residues on food, which threaten nontarget organisms, and so represent a serious problem to the environment. Biorational methods are low risk, are obtained from animals, plants, bacteria and some minerals, and are segregated into microbial, plant‐associated protectant and biochemical substances. This method encompasses temperature management, modified atmospheric storage, ionizing irradiation, the mixing of inert materials, pheromone traps, botanicals, insect growth regulators, entomopathogens and host plant resistance. Biorational methods have emerged as alternative or supplemental pest control methods. Biopesticides would help in preventing the use of large quantities of pesticides across the globe, thus providing residue‐free food and a safe environment for living. Further investigation is needed to integrate these elements to enhance the efficacy, minimize the losses and diminish the reliance on pesticides for the preservation of stored commodities.

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Efficacy of rice husk ash against rice weevil and lesser grain borer on stored wheat

Cited by 12 publications

References 16 publications

Evaluation of Toxicity of Some Tropical Flora, Clay and Permethrin against Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. on Stored Maize Grains

Evaluation of Toxicity of Some Tropical Flora, Clay and Permethrin against Sitophilus zeamais Motsch. on Stored Maize Grains

Efficacy of Indigenous Crude Plant Extracts against Rice Weevil, Sitophilus oryzae L. 1763 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

Biorational methods for effective pest control management in stored products for agricultural sustainability

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