Efficacy of single dose albendazole and praziquantel drugs among helminth-infected school children at Rural Bahir Dar, northwest Ethiopia

Hailu, Tadesse; Abera, Bayeh; Mulu, Wondemagegn; Alemu, Megbaru; Yizengaw, Endalew; Genanew, Ashenafi

doi:10.1177/0049475518786835

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The results of this study show that PZQ efficacy was satisfactory even after the first dose of treatment, as indicated by an ERR of more than 90%. This result is in line with a satisfactory PZQ efficacy reported in several countries in Africa for treatment of S. haematobium infection [30–32] as well as for S. mansoni [29, 30, 33], although in these studies the regimen was 40 mg/kg. However, in contrast, other studies have reported a doubtful efficacy of PZQ in school children [3].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Schistosoma haematobium infection morbidity, praziquantel effectiveness and reinfection rate among children and young adults in Gabon

et al. 2019

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BackgroundSub-Saharan Africa carries most of the global burden of schistosomiasis. To optimize disease control and reduce morbidity, precise data are needed for control measures adapted to the local epidemiological situation. The objective of this study is to provide baseline information on schistosomiasis dynamics, including praziquantel (PZQ) treatment outcome in children and young adults living in the vicinity of Lambaréné, Gabon.MethodsEligible volunteers were included into a prospective longitudinal study. Urine filtration technique was used to detect eggs in urine for schistosomiasis diagnosis. Subjects were treated with 60 mg of PZQ once per month for three consecutive months, and the outcome was assessed by cure rate (CR) and egg reduction rate (ERR).ResultsA total of 328 volunteers were enrolled in the study with a mean (± SD) age of 12.2 ± 4.7 years-old. The female-to-male ratio was 0.99. Out of 258 participants in total, 45% had schistosomiasis during the survey and 43% presented with heavy infections. The incidences of haematuria and schistosomiasis were 0.11 and 0.17 person-years, respectively. After the first and third dose of PZQ, overall ERR of 93% and 95% were found, respectively; while the CR were 78% and 88%, respectively. Both ERR (100 vs 88%) and CR (90 vs 68%) were higher among females than males after the first dose. The CR increased for both groups after the third dose to 95% and 80%, respectively. After the first PZQ dose, ERR was higher for heavy compared to light infections (94 vs 89%), while the CR was higher for light than for heavy infections (87 vs 59%). After the third PZQ dose, ERR increased only for light infections to 99%, while CR increased to 98% and 75% for light and for heavy infections, respectively. The reinfection rate assessed at a mean of 44.6 weeks post-treatment was 25%.ConclusionsThe prevalence of schistosomiasis is moderate in communities living in the vicinity of Lambaréné, where a subpopulation with a high risk of reinfection bears most of the burden of the disease. To improve schistosomiasis control in this scenario, we suggest education of these high-risk groups to seek themselves a one-year PZQ treatment.Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT 02769103. Registered 11 May 2016, retrospectively registered. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02769013

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Schistosoma haematobium infection morbidity, praziquantel effectiveness and reinfection rate among children and young adults in Gabon

et al. 2019

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“…22 In the present study, hookworm was the most frequent STH infections (29.4%). This result was consistent with the previous findings performed in rural Bahir Dar, 13 and in rural highlands of northwest Ethiopia 14 and India, 23 but higher than the previous result obtained in Ambo town in western Ethiopia. 16 The difference might be due to the difference in diagnostic method, sample size, and geographical location.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In the present study, the overall prevalence of STH infections was 34.5%. This result was lower than the previous result obtained (43.0%) in rural Bahir Dar, 13 (69.2%) in rural Amhara region, 14 and (49.0%) in Jimma town. 15 This result was also higher than the previous report obtained (12.6%) in Ambo, west Ethiopia.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 79%

“…Sample size determination. The sample size of the study was calculated using double population proportion based on findings of a study performed in rural Bahir Bar, northern Ethiopia (Hailu et al 13 ). Assuming the difference between ODF declared and ODP was 10%, where the proportion of STH infections from ODF declared kebeles was 33% and the proportion of STH infections from ODP kebeles was 43%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence and Associated Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Children Living with and without Open Defecation Practices in Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Muluneh

Hailu

Alemu

2020

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Soil-transmitted helminth (STH) infections cause devastating effect in human health. School-age children (SAC) account for the highest prevalence of STH infections in sub-Sahara. Open defecation practicing might be the major contributing factor, and creating an open defecation-free (ODF) declared community is also a big challenge. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of STH infections and associated factors among SAC in ODF declared and open defecation-practicing kebeles. A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among 806 SAC from January 2019 to April 2019. Questionnaire-based data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Stool samples were collected and processed via the Kato-Katz technique. Prevalence and associated factors were computed with descriptive statistics and regression, respectively. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 were considered as significantly associated. This study revealed that the prevalence of STH infections in open defecation-practicing and ODF declared kebeles were 39.0% and 30.0%, respectively. Wearing open shoes, wearing shoes sometimes, and playing with soil were significantly associated (P < 0.01) with STH infections in ODF declared kebeles. Similarly, wearing shoes sometimes, not using latrine, and playing with soil were also significantly associated (P < 0.01) with STH infections in open defection-practicing kebeles. In conclusion, lower prevalence of STH infections was recorded in ODF declared than in open defection-practicing kebeles. Wearing shoes sometimes, playing with soil, and not using latrine were associated with STH infections. Therefore, creating an ODF environment and community awareness should be strengthened.

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“…In the present study, the prevalence of intestinal helminths at 95% CI was 51.2% (46.4-55.9%). This result is lower than the previous studies conducted in rural Bahir Dar (58%) [16] and Zarima town 82.4% [17]. This result is also comparable with the previous (54.9%) prevalence report in Durbetie town [18] but higher than a report in Libo-Kemkem (27.9%) [19] and (16.7%) in Gondar town [20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Efficacy of Mebendazole and Praziquantel against Soil‐Transmitted Helminths and Schistosoma mansoni Infections among Schoolchildren in Northwest Ethiopia

Ejigu

Hailu

Alemu

2021

BioMed Research International

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Background. Soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) and Schistosoma mansoni are the main causes of morbidity among schoolchildren in the tropics. A school-based deworming program was launched to control and eliminate the infection in endemic countries including Ethiopia. Although periodic deworming is conducted in endemic areas, the prevalence of the infection is high in the country. In addition, periodic evaluation of the efficacy of the anthelminthic drug is limited. Objective. This study is aimed at checking the efficacy of mebendazole and praziquantel with the respective STHs and Schistosoma mansoni parasites. Methods. A longitudinal study was conducted from February to March 2018 among 422 schoolchildren. Stool samples were collected at baseline and at 2 and 4 weeks posttreatment and were processed using the Kato-Katz technique. Schoolchildren positive for STHs were treated with mebendazole and those positive for Schistosoma mansoni with praziquantel. After two weeks, a second round of stool was collected and examined, and then, single-dose redosing was given to each positive child. Lastly, the third stool sample was collected two weeks after the initiation of the redosing and checked for STHs and S. mansoni parasites. A close follow-up of students who were treated was done. All the data were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20 for analysis. Descriptive statistics was used to compute the cure rate and egg reduction rate of mebendazole and praziquantel. Results. Among 422 participants, the prevalence of STHs, hookworm, Ascaris lumbricoides, and S. mansoni was 44.7%, 35.1%, 21.1%, and 13.9%, respectively. The cure rate of mebendazole against A. lumbricoides increased from 60% in the single dose to 100% in redosing after two weeks. The cure rate of mebendazole against hookworm also increased from 32.4% in the single dose to 91.0% in the redosing. The cure rate of praziquantel against S. mansoni-infected children was 91.5% in the first round and 100% in the redosing phase. There was a 98.6-100% egg reduction rate in the redosing regimen of both drugs. Conclusion. The cure and egg reduction rates of single-dose mebendazole in the treatment of hookworm and A. lumbricoides are lower at week two than at redosing, while cure and egg reduction rates of single-dose praziquantel are satisfactory to treat S. mansoni. Therefore, single-dose praziquantel to S. mansoni and redosing of single-dose mebendazole to A. lumbricoides and hookworm infections can be used for treatment purposes.

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Efficacy of single dose albendazole and praziquantel drugs among helminth-infected school children at Rural Bahir Dar, northwest Ethiopia

Cited by 10 publications

References 11 publications

Schistosoma haematobium infection morbidity, praziquantel effectiveness and reinfection rate among children and young adults in Gabon

Schistosoma haematobium infection morbidity, praziquantel effectiveness and reinfection rate among children and young adults in Gabon

Prevalence and Associated Factors of Soil-Transmitted Helminth Infections among Children Living with and without Open Defecation Practices in Northwest Ethiopia: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Efficacy of Mebendazole and Praziquantel against Soil‐Transmitted Helminths and Schistosoma mansoni Infections among Schoolchildren in Northwest Ethiopia

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