Efficacy of Solid Formulations of Emamectin Benzoate at Controlling Lepidopterous Pests

Jansson, Richard K.; Peterson, Robert F.; Halliday, W. R.; Mookerjee, Pradip K.; Dybas, R. A.

doi:10.2307/3495594

Cited by 23 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…In the past decade, several novel insecticides have shown good activity against beet armyworm. A partial list of these includes chlorfenapyr,12 tebufenozide,13 emamectin benzoate,14 indoxacarb15 and spinosad 16. 17 The latter compound was given reduced risk status by the US Environmental Protection Agency in recognition of its characteristics that are relatively favorable to integrated pest management, public health and the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) resistance to spinosad

Moulton¹,

Pepper²,

Dennehy³

2000

Pest Manag. Sci.

118

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Susceptibility to spinosad (Success 1 /Tracer 1 ) of beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) from the southern USA and Southeast Asia was determined through exposure of second-and third-instar larvae to dipped cotton leaves. LC 50 estimates of susceptibility of second-and third-instar larvae of ®eld populations ranged from 0.279 to 6.14 and 0.589 to 14.0 mg spinosad litre À1 , respectively. A Thailand population was 22-and 24-fold less susceptible than the six other US ®eld populations evaluated, and 85-and 58-fold less susceptible than a reference laboratory population, respectively. From these results, we initiated experiments to test the hypothesis that the Thailand population was resistant to spinosad. F 1 crosses between the resistant Thailand population and a susceptible reference strain yielded individuals that were 22-fold less sensitive to spinosad than the susceptible parent. This same resistant strain exhibited signi®cantly greater survivorship on plants treated with spinosad in the ®eld. Lastly, selection of an Arizona population resulted in a signi®cant reduction in susceptibility to spinosad, further substantiating the hypothesis of a genetic basis for resistance to spinosad. These ®ndings indicate a vulnerability of this new insecticide to resistance development in beet armyworm and should serve as a warning against excessive use of it.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) resistance to spinosad

Moulton¹,

Pepper²,

Dennehy³

2000

Pest Manag. Sci.

118

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“…The campaign involved the use of a high volume sampler during the time of application of an insecticide, the emamectin benzoate [63][64][65][66] (Vapour pressure at 21 °C of 4 × 10 −6 Pa, Henry's law constant at 25 °C and pH 7 of 1.7 × 10 −4 Pa m 3 /mol, log Pow = 5.0 ± 0,2 at pH 7) on parcels of orchards (see Figure 4). This insecticide belongs to Category 1, the highest toxicity category of the acute toxicity ranking system of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [67].…”

Section: On-site Measurement Campaignmentioning

confidence: 99%

Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling and Spatial Analysis to Evaluate Population Exposure to Pesticides from Farming Processes

et al. 2018

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This work originates from an epidemiological study aimed to assess the correlation between population exposure to pesticides used in agriculture and adverse health effects. In support of the population exposure evaluation two models implemented by the authors were applied: a GIS-based proximity model and the CAREA atmospheric dispersion model. In this work, the results of the two models are presented and compared. Despite the proximity analysis is widely used for these kinds of studies, it was investigated how meteorology could affect the exposure assessment. Both models were applied to pesticides emitted by 1519 agricultural fields and considering 2584 receptors distributed over an area of 8430 km 2 . CAREA output shows a considerable enhancement in the percentage of exposed receptors, from the 4% of the proximity model to the 54% of the CAREA model. Moreover, the spatial analysis of the results on a specific test site showed that the effects of meteorology considered by CAREA led to an anisotropic exposure distribution that differs considerably from the symmetric distribution resulting by the proximity model. In addition, the results of a field campaign for the definition and planning of ground measurement of concentration for the validation of CAREA are presented. The preliminary results showed how, during treatments, pesticide concentrations distant from the fields are significantly higher than background values.

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“…Emamectin benzoate contains the B1a analogue (R 1 = sec -butyl) and the B1b analogue (R 1 = isopropyl) in a 9:1 ratio, as well as avermectin B1 . Emamectin benzoate is effective not only against Lepidoptera but also against Thysanoptera and Coleoptera , and in 1997 it was registered as a pesticide and an acaricide for vegetables, fruits, and cereals in Japan.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Residue Analysis of the Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in Agricultural Products

Kondo

Yamashita

Uchigashima

et al. 2008

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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A direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dc-ELISA) for the analysis of emamectin residues in agricultural products was developed using a prepared mouse monoclonal antibody. The working range was 0.3-3.0 ng/mL, and the 50% inhibition concentration (IC(50)) was 1.0 ng/mL. The assay was sufficiently sensitive for analysis of the maximum residue limits in agricultural products in Japan (>0.1 microg/g). Emamectin residues contain the following metabolites: the 4''-epi-amino analogue, the 4''-epi-(N-formyl)amino analogue, the 4''-epi-(N-formyl-N-methyl)amino analogue, and the 8,9-Z isomer. The dc-ELISA reacted with these compounds at ratios of 113, 55, 38, and 9.1% of the IC(50) value of emamectin benzoate. Seven kinds of vegetables were spiked with emamectin benzoate at concentrations of 15-300 ng/g, and the recoveries were 91-117% in the dc-ELISA. The dc-ELISA results agreed reasonably well with results obtained by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) using spiked samples and actual (incurred) samples. The results indicate that the dc-ELISA was useful for the analysis of emamectin benzoate residues in agricultural products.

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Efficacy of Solid Formulations of Emamectin Benzoate at Controlling Lepidopterous Pests

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) resistance to spinosad

Beet armyworm (Spodoptera exigua) resistance to spinosad

Atmospheric Dispersion Modelling and Spatial Analysis to Evaluate Population Exposure to Pesticides from Farming Processes

Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Residue Analysis of the Insecticide Emamectin Benzoate in Agricultural Products

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