Efficacy of Some Antibiotics in Curing Resistant <i>Escherichia coli</i> Infection

Abstract

There is growing interest in re-evaluation of older antibiotics with the wide spread of pathogen resistance, especially gram negative bacteria, which impair treatment of some infections. In contrast various studies have reported that some antibiotics have efficacy in clearing resistant bacterial infections. On account of that it was interesting to evaluate the efficacy of erythromycin, chloramphenicol and/or tenoxicam in curing and/or relieving wound infection of highly resistant Escherichia coli and investigate the possible mechanisms beyond their antibacterial activity. This was achieved through evaluating highly resistant E. coli strains in vitro using agar dilution and in vivo rat models of E. coli infected wound and acute inflammation by carrageenin, where possible mechanisms were evaluated through measuring immunological mediators and histopathological examination. This study revealed that in vivo, erythromycin alone or in combination with tenoxicam significantly improved the healing of infected skin wounds with E. coli irresspective of resistancy in vitro. In addition to the improvement of immunological mediators involved in inflammatory reaction, oxidative stress and in cytokines expression as response to the bacterial infection in vivo. On the other hand chloramphenicol neither alone nor in combination with tenoxicam, achieved any significant effect. Tenoxicam didn't show antimicrobial activity alone nor in combination with tested antibiotics in vitro, but it has shown synergestic activity in combination with tested antibiotics in vivo. Thus we concluded that immunomodulatory activity of erythromycin through anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects was the possible mechanisms by which this antibiotic had healed infection with resistant E. coli in vivo, despite its resistancy to this antibiotic in vitro.

Quorum Sensing and Some Promising Virulence Inhibitors in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…Tenoxicam is a common analgesic and antiinflammatory drug that belongs to the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug class. Tenoxicam was observed to considerably speed up the healing of skin wounds with E. coli infection in vitro in combination with antibiotics, regardless of the bacteria resistance [41][42][43][44]. In a previous study, tenoxicam was reported to have QS inhibitory activity in P. aeruginosa both phenotypically and at the molecular level.…”

Motor Cells in the Knee Osteoarthritis Patients under the Microscope

“…In this article, in order to discuss the specific changes of motor cells in the knee osteoarthritis patients under the microscope, we have consulted many relevant resources and summarized them. Among them, El-Banna gave a detailed introduction to the principles of concomitant knee osteoarthritis, analyzed the current problems in the medical system for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, and elaborated the medical community for knee osteoarthritis Research methods and techniques [3]. In his article, Casula proposed that the development and application of electron microscope technology is very important for the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, and pointed out some of the shortcomings of disciple microscope technology [4].…”