Efficacy of three commercially available ballast water biocides against vegetative microalgae, dinoflagellate cysts and bacteria

Gregg, Matthew D.; Hallegraeff, Gustaaf M.

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2006.08.009

Cited by 97 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although the abundance and species diversity generally declines as ballast water ages, some organisms have the ability to endure the conditions in the ballast tanks (Ruiz et al 2000, Drake et al 2007, Gregg & Hallegraeff 2007. At present, midocean exchange (MOE) of ballast water is the main method used to control the introduction of aquatic invasive species (IMO 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial dynamics in ballast water during trans-oceanic voyages of bulk carriers: environmental controls

Seiden¹,

Way²,

Rivkin³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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Bacterial abundance, population dynamics, and related environmental parameters were determined in ballast water during 2 trans-Pacific voyages from Japan to the west coast of Canada and 2 trans-Atlantic voyages from the Netherlands to the east coast of Canada. Water samples were collected from ballast tanks that either underwent mid-ocean exchange (MOE) or were unexchanged (control). Bacterial abundances in the MOE and control tanks were not significantly different at the end of the voyage. Moreover, abundances were not lower immediately after compared with immediately before MOE, suggesting that MOE alone is not effective in reducing ballast water bacterial abundances. Results of this study suggest that the duration of the voyage plays a critical role in determining the potential bacterial propagule pressure. Although the bacterial growth dynamics were complex, we found robust relationships and a highly significant predictive relationship between bacterial abundance and both temperature and dissolved oxygen concentrations of the ballast water (p < 0.001). This robust relationship allows the prediction of potential bacterial propagule pressure from environmental characteristics within the ballast tanks.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial dynamics in ballast water during trans-oceanic voyages of bulk carriers: environmental controls

Seiden¹,

Way²,

Rivkin³

2011

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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“…Introduction of non-indigenous species from ballast water has sometimes caused serious social and ecological problems and has greatly influenced the community structure of local ecosystems (Gregg and Hallegraeff 2007) since it can include many organisms from diverse taxonomic groups originating from various bio-geographic regions (Chu et al 1997;Gregg and Hallegraeff 2007). The successful establishment of non-indigenous species has been linked with abiotic characteristics of the recipient port as well as growth characteristics of the invading species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of temperature and salinity on growth ofThalassiosira pseudonana(Bacillariophyceae) isolated from ballast water

Baek

Jung

Shin

2011

Journal of Freshwater Ecology

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We examined the impacts of environmental factors on the survival of ballast water-introduced planktonic organisms and specifically described the effects of temperature and salinity on growth of the centric diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana. In salinity gradient experiments for natural phytoplankton communities of the vessel Daewoo Diamond, several freshwater and marine species were successfully identified. Of these, T. pseudonana was the dominant species in all salinity conditions (2-30 psu). In combination experiments of temperature and salinity with a T. pseudonana monoculture, the organism did not grow between 5 C and 10 C in freshwater culture media but exhibited growth at low temperature (5 C) in brackish and marine waters. Furthermore, the T. pseudonana population grew significantly with increasing of temperature (10-30 C) in brackish and marine waters. Our results indicate that T. pseudonana is well adapted to euryhaline and eurythermal conditions and its viability is suitable for successful colonization into local Korean aquatic ecosystems.

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“…NaOCl is one of the most widely used antifouling agents in power plant cooling and ballast water treatment systems (Gregg andHallegraeff 2007, Saleem et al 2012). Given that many power plants are located near coastal regions due to the use of seawater as a coolant, fouling organisms such as barnacles, oysters, and bryozoans often colonize surfaces in their coolant systems, which then interfere with water flow and heat transfer efficiency (Taylor 2006, Polman et al 2013.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…UV radiation, ozone (O 3 ) treatment, heat exposure, and various chemicals are all used to prevent biofouling and the introduction of exotic species. Also chemical treating these waters with NaOCl has received considerable attention as a simple and efficient method of reducing fouling (Allonier et al 1999, Gregg andHallegraeff 2007).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synergistic effects of elevated carbon dioxide and sodium hypochlorite on survival and impairment of three phytoplankton species

Kim¹,

Kim²,

Kim³

et al. 2013

ALGAE

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Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is widely used to disinfect seawater in power plant cooling systems in order to reduce biofouling, and in ballast water treatment systems to prevent transport of exotic marine species. While the toxicity of NaOCl is expected to increase by ongoing ocean acidification, and many experimental studies have shown how algal calcification, photosynthesis and growth respond to ocean acidification, no studies have investigated the relationship between NaOCl toxicity and increased CO 2 . Therefore, we investigated whether the impacts of NaOCl on survival, chlorophyll a (Chl-a), and effective quantum yield in three marine phytoplankton belonging to different taxonomic classes are increased under high CO 2 levels. Our results show that all biological parameters of the three species decreased under increasing NaOCl concentration, but increasing CO 2 concentration alone (from 450 to 715 μatm) had no effect on any of these parameters in the organisms. However, due to the synergistic effects between NaOCl and CO 2 , the survival and Chl-a content in two of the species, Thalassiosira eccentrica and Heterosigma akashiwo, were significantly reduced under high CO 2 when NaOCl was also elevated. The results show that combined exposure to high CO 2 and NaOCl results in increasing toxicity of NaOCl in some marine phytoplankton. Consequently, greater caution with use of NaOCl will be required, as its use is widespread in coastal waters.

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Efficacy of three commercially available ballast water biocides against vegetative microalgae, dinoflagellate cysts and bacteria

Cited by 97 publications

References 23 publications

Bacterial dynamics in ballast water during trans-oceanic voyages of bulk carriers: environmental controls

Bacterial dynamics in ballast water during trans-oceanic voyages of bulk carriers: environmental controls

Effects of temperature and salinity on growth ofThalassiosira pseudonana(Bacillariophyceae) isolated from ballast water

Synergistic effects of elevated carbon dioxide and sodium hypochlorite on survival and impairment of three phytoplankton species

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