Efficacy of topical eprinomectin in the treatment of<i>Chorioptes</i>sp. infestation in alpacas and llamas

Plant, Jon D.; Kutzler, Michelle Anne; Cebra, Christopher K.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3164.2007.00558.x

Cited by 21 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The three alpacas in this case report had received several applications of eprinomectin without improvement in either the skin or the general condition. In an uncontrolled field study, Plant et al 33 . demonstrated that 10 weekly doses of topical eprinomectin at 0.5 mg kg −1 were ineffective for the eradication of chorioptic mange in llamas and alpacas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoptic mange in three alpacas treated successfully with amitraz

Lau

Hill

Rybníček

et al. 2007

Veterinary Dermatology

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Sarcoptic mange is a serious skin disease in alpacas that can result in high morbidity and even mortality. Three alpacas were presented with sarcoptic mange that had previously failed to respond to repeated topical applications of eprinomectin, and an injection of doramectin. They were moderately to severely pruritic, had extensive lesions of alopecia, erythema, scaling and crusting, and had lost weight. As no drug is currently licensed for the treatment of sarcoptic mange in alpacas in the UK, they were treated with a topical solution of amitraz (50 mL in 10 L) after initial bathing with antibacterial or keratolytic shampoos. The clinical signs completely resolved with no relapse over a 10-month follow-up period. In this small group of alpacas, amitraz was an effective and well-tolerated treatment for sarcoptic mange.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sarcoptic mange in three alpacas treated successfully with amitraz

Lau

Hill

Rybníček

et al. 2007

Veterinary Dermatology

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“…Individuals with a heavy infestation may be free of any symptoms of mange although others in the same herd with lower infestations may show severe extensive skin lesions [20]. Often alopecia and scaling are seen on the feet – often as in sarcoptic mange between the toes and the base of the tail.…”

Section: Mangementioning

confidence: 99%

Important ectoparasites of Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)

Bornstein

2010

Acta Vet Scand

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“…In contrast, Plant et al . () reported that topically applied eprinomectin at a rate of 0.5 mg/kg weekly for 10 weeks was ineffective against chorioptes in a herd of 28 camelids. The presumed variability in absorption of topical eprinomectin across camelid groups may be caused by individual differences in follicle density and dermal thickness of different animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Eprinomectin has been previously evaluated as a topical treatment of chorioptic mange in alpacas, although pharmacokinetic analyses are currently lacking (D'Alterio et al ., ; Plant et al ., ). D'Alterio et al .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pharmacokinetics of an extended‐release formulation of eprinomectin in healthy adult alpacas and its use in alpacas confirmed with mange

Pollock

Bedenice

Jennings

et al. 2016

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The study objective was to determine the pharmacokinetics and clinical effects of an extended-release 5% eprinomectin formulation (Longrange ) following subcutaneous (s.c.) injection in healthy (n = 6) and mange-infected (n = 4) adult alpacas. High-performance liquid chromatography was used to analyze plasma samples obtained at regular intervals for 161 days following a single 5 mg/kg injection s.c. in healthy alpacas, and for 5 days following each dose (3 treatments, 2 months apart) in mange-affected animals. Skin scrapings and biopsies were performed pre- and post-treatment at two comparable sites in alpacas with mange. Four alpacas served as healthy controls. Eprinomectin plasma concentrations showed a biphasic peak (C -1: 5.72 ± 3.25 ng/mL; C -2: 6.06 ± 2.47 ng/mL) in all animals at 3.88 ± 5.16 days and 77 ± 12.52 days, respectively. Eprinomectin plasma concentrations remained above 1.27 ± 0.96 ng/mL for up to 120 days. Hematocrit (35.8 vs. 31.3%, P < 0.003) and albumin (3.5 vs. 2.8 g/dL P < 0.006) reduced significantly over 6 months in multidose animals, while fecal egg counts did not differ between groups. Self-limiting injection site reactions occurred in 9 of 10 animals. Pre- and post-treatment skin biopsies showed reduced hyperkeratosis, but increased fibrosis, with 1 of 4 alpacas remaining positive on skin scraping for mange. In conclusion, alpacas require a higher eprinomectin dose (5.0 mg/kg s.c.) than cattle, to reach comparable plasma concentrations.

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Efficacy of topical eprinomectin in the treatment ofChorioptessp. infestation in alpacas and llamas

Cited by 21 publications

References 12 publications

Sarcoptic mange in three alpacas treated successfully with amitraz

Sarcoptic mange in three alpacas treated successfully with amitraz

Important ectoparasites of Alpaca (Vicugna pacos)

Pharmacokinetics of an extended‐release formulation of eprinomectin in healthy adult alpacas and its use in alpacas confirmed with mange

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