Efficacy of Transforaminal Epidural Steroid Injection in Lumbosacral Radiculopathy

Abstract

BACKGROUNDLumbosacral radiculopathy is a common medical and socioeconomic problem with a lifetime prevalence estimated to be around 40%-60%. In 1930, Evans reported that sciatica could be treated by epidural injection. The use of epidural corticosteroid injection for the treatment of axial and radicular back pain was first reported in 1953. Lumbar Transforminal Epidural Steroid Injections (TFESIs) are performed to provide symptomatic relief in patients with radicular pain. A transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) using a small volume of local anaesthetic will anaesthetize the spinal nerve and also partially anaesthetize the dura, the posterior longitudinal ligament, the intervertebral disc and facet joint. For these reasons, fluoroscopy-guided TFESI has become the preferred approach to epidural space.

Strongly Pure Ideals And Strongly Pure Sub-modules

“…We introduce the concept of idempotent sub module as follows . [23] . Brown-McCoy(1950) in [9] define regular rings .…”