Efficacy of zoledronic acid infusion on bone mineral density among adult population

Abstract

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease characterised by impaired bone strength due to reduced bone mineral density. As a consequence, patients with osteoporosis are at increased risk of fractures. Zoledronic acid is an anti-resorptive agent that acts by slowing down osteoclast medicated bone resorption, thereby increasing bone density. This study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of Zoledronic acid on bone mineral density.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> This study was carried out as a record based cross sectional study among 30 symptomatic adult patients who visited the outpatient department of Orthopedics for a period of two years. Bone mineral density (BMD) parameters assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan were documented for initial period and after six months of intervention. Documentation of intervention with single dose of zoledronic acid 5 mg by intravenous infusion was verified and noted.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> There was a significant difference in the mean scores for both femoral neck and lumbar spine with respect to BMD values and T-score values between baseline parameters and values measured after 6 months of Zoledronic acid infusion. The difference was statistically significant (p<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Single dose of zoledronic acid 5 mg by intravenous infusion was found to be effective in increasing the BMD among individuals suffering from osteopenia and osteoporosis.</p>