Efficiency of Basil Essential Oil Antimicrobial Agents under Different Shading Treatments and Harvest Times

Ilić, Zoran S.; Milenković, Lidija; Šunić, Ljubomir; Tmušić, Nadica; Mastilović, Jasna; Kevrešan, Žarko; Stanojević, Ljiljana P.; Danilović, Bojana; Stanojevic, Jelená́

doi:10.3390/agronomy11081574

Cited by 22 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Further, the larvicidal potential of essential oils from O. sanctum against various mosquito species was detected [ 8 , 9 ]. Essential oils extracted from Ocimum plants are also efficient regulators of microbial populations as it has been reported that the essential oils from O. tenuiflorum [ 10 ], O. gratissimum [ 11 ], O. campechianum [ 12 ], and O. basilicum [ 13 ] exert antimicrobial properties against different bacterial, viral and fungal strains. Apart from these, EOs from O. basilicum has been effective against the Acanthoscelides obtectus (been weevil) and Planococcus ficus (grape mealybug) [ 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities of Different Ocimum Essential Oils Extracted by Ultrasound-Assisted Hydrodistillation

Sneha¹,

Narayanankutty²,

Job³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Infectious diseases and their vectors have remained a concern for human population from their historical origin. Microbial pathogens have also emerged as a potent threat to the healthcare systems even in developed countries. Essential oils remain a less explored method for infectious disease control; besides, the ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) of essential oil production has emerged as promising source of bioactive volatiles over conventional methods. This study analyzed the possible use of UAE- Essential oils (EOs) from different species of Ocimum plants (Ocimum basilicum (OB), O. gratissimum (OG), O. tenuiflorum (OT), and O. canum (OC)) in the management of microbial pathogens and mosquito larval control. The antibacterial activity was estimated in terms of a disc diffusion assay and minimum inhibitory concentrations against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Salmonella enteritidis. The larvicidal property was found using three important mosquito vectors and the LC50 value was determined. Furthermore, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties were estimated in terms of radical scavenging activities and the inhibition of lipoxygenase enzyme activity. The EOs exhibited significant DPPH radical scavenging (high in OG), hydrogen-peroxide scavenging (OB) and lipoxygenase inhibition (OB). The antibacterial activity was high in OB and OG (p < 0.05) and the larvicidal activity was of higher sensitivity against Aedis and Culex, whereas Armigeres was more resistant. However, no sign of toxicity in the Allium cepa model or non-targeted organism Guppy fishes was observed. Overall, the UAE extracted Ocimum essential oils were found to be effective against various human pathogenic microbial organisms, with OB and OG being highly active. Likewise, the EOs was also able to induce mortality in the larval forms of various mosquito vectors.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities of Different Ocimum Essential Oils Extracted by Ultrasound-Assisted Hydrodistillation

Sneha¹,

Narayanankutty²,

Job³

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…EOs are used in the food industry against foodborne pathogens [17], but also in pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Eugenol, which is the most dominant EO component in basil grown under blue shade nets, exhibits a good activity in suppressing Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris [18]. Plant species from the Lamiaceae family have shown a significantly stronger antifungal activity than the standard antifungal molecules in our earlier research [19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…Light also affects the content of the bioactive components in plants. In our previous work, we found that medical plants species responded positively to cover by shade nets and synthesized more EOs compared to plants without shading [18]. Some of the medical plants in full sunlight showed the lowest levels of EOs [7].…”

Section: Climatic Conditionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The EO composition of mint is affected in a differential way by different wavelengths. The use of colored shade nets during the growth of different medicinal plants provides spectral changes, resulting in a higher content of EOs in sweet basil [10,18], mint, oregano, marjoram, thyme [7,10], lemon balm [7,36], and sage [37]. The EO composition of mint is affected in a differential way by different wavelengths.…”

Section: Lemon Balm Essential Oil (Leo) Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main component in TEOs is thymol ranging from 43.9% in shaded plants to 44.2% in non-shaded plants. The second main TEO constituent is γ-terpinene ranging from16.8% in shaded plants to 18.3% in non-shaded plants Other significant constituents in TEOs included p-cymene (16.5-17.4%), myrcene (2.4-2.6%), α-terpinene (2.3-2.4%), and linalool (2.2-2.3%). Other components are present at a level below 1%.…”

Section: Thyme Essential Oil (Teo) Compositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shade-Induced Effects on Essential Oil Yield, Chemical Profiling, and Biological Activity in Some Lamiaceae Plants Cultivated in Serbia

Lalević¹,

Ilić²,

Milenković³

et al. 2023

Horticulturae

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Thyme, mint, and lemon balm were used to determine whether shading conditions could improve the yield, composition, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activity in plant essential oils (EOs) in comparison with non-shaded plants from an open field. The yield of the EOs of non-shaded thyme, mint, and lemon balm, was 3.44, 3.96, and 0.21 mL/100 g, respectively. Plants covered by nets produced different levels of EOs (3.46, 2.20, and 0.45 mL/100 g) after 120 min of hydrodistillation. The main components of the thyme essential oil are thymol (44.2–43.9%), γ-terpinene (18.3–16.8%), and p-cymene (16.5–17.4%). The predominant components of mint essential oil are piperitenone oxide (52.6–64.8%) and 1,8 cineole (25.9–16.3%), while lemon balm essential oil consists of the following main components: geranial (34.0–32.8%); neral (21.3–24.9%); and piperitenone oxide (17.2–16.7%). The EOs from non-shaded thyme and mint plants have the highest antioxidant activity (EC50 value 0.54 mg/mL and 3.03 mg/mL). However, shaded lemon balm showed a stronger antioxidant activity (EC50 3.43 mg/mL) than non-shaded plants (12.85 mg/mL) after 60 min of incubation. The EOs from all plants showed significant effects against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Candida albicans. The most active EOs against most of the isolates originated from Thymus vulgaris L., plants. Adequate cultivation techniques, such as shading for Lamiaceae plants, has positive effects, especially in Melissa officinalis L. Shading can achieve a higher content and components in terms of the specific biological activity (antioxidant and microbial) of EOs.

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Analysis of the main bioactive compounds from Ocimum basilicum for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity

Backiam,

Duraisamy,

Karuppaiya

et al. 2023

Biotech and App Biochem

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The interest in bioactives especially from botanicals to treat vancomycin‐resistant enterococcal (VRE) infections is increased. Many species of Ocimum have a long history in folk medicinal and food industries. Nevertheless, their bioactive compounds remain unexplored. This study is aimed to assess the antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of basil leaf extract prepared using ethanol, methanol, and water. The ethanol and methanol extract have all the phytochemicals (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponins, quinones, carbohydrates, and proteins) except steroids and terpenoids. In addition to steroids and terpenoids, tannin was also absent in the aqueous extract. Total phenolic and flavonoid content was high in ethanol and followed by methanol and aqueous extract. Similarly, ethanol and methanol extract showed strong antimicrobial activity against VRE and MTCC strains at a concentration of 20 mg/mL than aqueous extract. Among the 10 indicators, Staphylococcus aureus is highly susceptible to ethanol extract at a concentration of 8 mg/mL and followed by other MTCC strains. Vancomycin‐resistant enterococci pathogens were inhibited at the minimum inhibitory concentration of 14, 16, and 20 mg/mL of ethanol, methanol, and aqueous extract. Further, on the basis of determining the absorbing material (nucleic acid and protein) at 260 nm and scanning electron microscopic, it was confirmed that the loss of cell membrane integrity and cell membrane damage were the effective mechanisms of plant extract antimicrobial activity. All three solvents have shown remarkable antioxidant activity. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of basil leaves ethanol extract identified 19 compounds with various therapeutic and food applications.

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Efficiency of Basil Essential Oil Antimicrobial Agents under Different Shading Treatments and Harvest Times

Cited by 22 publications

References 42 publications

Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities of Different Ocimum Essential Oils Extracted by Ultrasound-Assisted Hydrodistillation

Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities of Different Ocimum Essential Oils Extracted by Ultrasound-Assisted Hydrodistillation

Shade-Induced Effects on Essential Oil Yield, Chemical Profiling, and Biological Activity in Some Lamiaceae Plants Cultivated in Serbia

Analysis of the main bioactive compounds from Ocimum basilicum for their antimicrobial and antioxidant activity

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