Efficiency of grain production of winter wheat as affected by N fertilisation under particular consideration of single culm sink size

Sticksel, E.; Maidl, F. X.; Retzer, F.; Dennert, J.; Fischbeck, G.

doi:10.1016/s1161-0301(00)00062-9

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For example, each spike of AC Elsa contained significantly more kernels than the other cultivars; however, as mentioned above, this cultivar also exhibited the lowest kernel weight of the new cultivars. From the crop management perspective, Sticksel et al (2000) found that nitrogen fertilization aimed at increasing the sink capacity per spike was an efficient method to maximize wheat yields. The present results suggest that genetically increasing the sink size per spike has For personal use only.…”

Section: Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological characteristics of recent Canada Western Red Spring wheat cultivars: Yield components and dry matter production

Wang¹,

McCaig²,

DePauw³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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. 2002. Physiological characteristics of recent Canada Western Red Spring wheat cultivars: Yield components and dry matter production. Can. J. Plant Sci. 82: 299-306. Genetic yield gains have been difficult to achieve within the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) class because of stringent quality requirements and a short growing-season environment with low precipitation and high temperatures. Understanding the physiological basis of yield gains may provide breeders with better insight in selecting parents and screening tools to identify desirable genotypes. The objective of the present study was to compare four new CWRS wheat cultivars with two older cultivars, Neepawa and Marquis, for yield components and dry matter production. When grown at Swift Current, SK, for 3 yr, the average yield for the group of new cultivars was 34.3% higher than that of Marquis (P < 0.01), and 5.9% higher than that of Neepawa (P = 0.10). The new cultivars, as a group, had significantly increased kernel weight, kernels per spike, yield per spike, and spike-filling rate relative to either of the older cultivars. When cultivars were compared individually, all four of the new cultivars had significantly higher yield per spike and spike-filling rate than Neepawa or Marquis, suggesting that these factors may be closely related to the increased yields of the newer cultivars. The trend toward higher kernel weight and kernels per spike suggests that the new cultivars have increased the sink size of each tiller. The number of spikes per plant and the length of the grainfilling period do not appear to be associated with the increased yield. Harvest index of the group of new cultivars, while significantly higher than that of Marquis, has not increased significantly compared to Neepawa, probably because this group is similar in height to Neepawa. L'étude devait comparer quatre nouveaux cultivars de BRPOC à deux autres, plus anciens (Neepawa et Marquis), sur le plan du rendement et de la matière sèche produite. Cultivées à Swift Current (Saskatchewan) pendant trois ans, les nouvelles variétés ont donné un rendement moyen de 34,3 % supérieur à celui de Marquis (P < 0,01) et de 5,9 % plus élevé que celui de Neepawa (P = 0,10). Collectivement, les nouveaux cultivars se démarquent par un poids d'amandes sensiblement plus élevé, par un nombre accru de grains par épi, par un meilleur rendement par épi et par un meilleur taux de remplissage du grain que les deux cultivars plus anciens. Quand on les compare individuellement à ces derniers, on constate que chacun des quatre cultivars a un rendement par épi et un taux de remplissage du grain sensiblement plus élevés que ceux de Neepawa et de Marquis, signe que ces facteurs sont peut-être étroitement associés au rendement supérieur des nouveaux cultivars. La tendance vers un poids d'amandes plus élevé et un nombre accru de grains par épi donne à penser que les nouveaux cultivars possèdent un plus grand puits d'assimilat dans leurs talles. Le nombre d'épis par plant et la durée de ...

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Section: Yield Componentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological characteristics of recent Canada Western Red Spring wheat cultivars: Yield components and dry matter production

Wang¹,

McCaig²,

DePauw³

et al. 2002

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Canola-quality B. juncea is expected to expand the area of adaptation for commercial canola production on the semiarid northern Great Plains, where N is recognized as the second most important factor limiting crop yield after water (Campbell et al 1992). Nitrogen affects crop growth through its influence on radiation interception, photosynthesis and radiation use efficiency (Van Oosterom et al 2001). Nitrogen also increases the size of reproductive sinks in grain crops leading to higher yields (Sticksel et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Nitrogen affects crop growth through its influence on radiation interception, photosynthesis and radiation use efficiency (Van Oosterom et al 2001). Nitrogen also increases the size of reproductive sinks in grain crops leading to higher yields (Sticksel et al 2000). B. napus responds to N application by increasing leaf and stem biomass and delaying maturity (Leleu et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Comparing Brassica oilseed crop productivity under contrasting N fertility regimes in the semiarid northern Great Plains

Miller¹,

Angadi²,

Androsoff³

et al. 2003

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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[1996][1997][1998]. All entries were managed with three levels of N fertility at each site. Plant height for the canola-quality B. juncea breeding line J904316 was 21% greater than the mean of the other genotypes, but shoot biomass did not differ for the same comparison. Cutlass Oriental mustard consistently yielded greatest across all environments while the yield of J904316 was highly variable among environments. The mean seed yield of Cutlass was 12% greater than the highest-yielding B. napus cultivar and 32% greater than the B. rapa cultivar, and had a greater harvest index. Earlier genotypes yielded greater than late-flowering and maturing genotypes within B. juncea and B. napus, but the earliest genotype, Maverick (B. rapa), yielded lower than all other genotypes. All Brassica spp. genotypes were responsive to N fertilization, and high total available N (average = 109, range = 91 to 131 kg N ha -1 ) was generally required to maximize seed yield, but not shoot biomass, under the conditions of this study. Pod density was the primary yield component influenced by N level. This study illustrates the potential adaptive advantage of B. juncea on the semiarid northern Great Plains. dans onze milieux répartis sur deux degrés de latitude et de longitude, dans le sud de la Saskatchewan. Trois programmes d'amendement azoté ont été utilisés à chaque site. La lignée J904316, de qualité canola, de B. juncea a donné des plants dont la hauteur dépassait la moyenne des autres génotypes de 21 %, mais la biomasse des pousses était la même. La moutarde joncée Cutlass a toujours donné le meilleur rendement, peu importe l'environnement, alors que le rendement de J904316 a considérablement varié avec le milieu. Le rendement grainier moyen de Cutlass dépassait le rendement du meilleur cultivar de B. napus de 12 % et celui du cultivar de B. rapa de 32 %. Son indice de moisson était également supérieur. Les génotypes précoces donnent un meilleur rendement que ceux à floraison et à maturation tardives de B. juncea et de B. napus, mais Maverick (B. rapa), le génotype le plus hâtif, avait un rendement inférieur aux autres. Tous les génotypes du genre Brassica réagissent aux engrais azotés et il faut généralement une forte concentration de N disponible (moyenne = 109, intervalle de 91 à 131 kg de N par hectare) pour obtenir le meilleur rendement grainier, mais pas la plus forte biomasse des pousses, dans les conditions de l'étude. La densité des gousses est le principal paramètre du rendement à être influencé par la teneur en N. L'étude met en relief la capacité d'adaptation de B. juncea dans la région semi-aride du nord des grandes plaines.

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“…To avoid confounding the effect of timing of the first application with the timing of the second application, single applications of fertilizer N at the various GSs could have been used. However, studies have shown that applications of high amounts of N before stem extension, as would be the case for the tillering application in this study, can lead to reduced NUE and may increase the risk of lodging and loss of N by leaching (Maidl et al, 1998;Sticksel et al, 2000). In any case, at the farm level, where high amounts of N are being applied, a multiplesplit approach is normally recommended (Coulter and Lalor, 2008; Department of the Environment, Food and Rural Affairs, 2010) even though comparisons of single applications with split applications of a given amount of fertilizer N have often shown no effect, positive or negative, on grain yield (Schulz et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application timing on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of winter wheat in Ireland

Efretuei

Gooding²,

White³

et al. 2016

Irish Journal of Agricultural and Food Research

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The objectives of this work were to determine the effects of initiating application of fertilizer nitrogen (N) to winter wheat at different growth stages (GSs) on grain yield and N use efficiency (NUE). A factorial experiment was carried out in two growing seasons (2011 and 2012) with five timings of first N application (GS 24/26 [tillering], GS 30, GS 31, GS 32 or GS 37) and an unfertilized control, two sowing densities (100 and 400 seeds/m 2 ) and a cattle slurry treatment (with or without slurry). The latter was included to simulate variation in soil N supply (SNS). Delaying the first application of N from the tillering stage until GS 30 had no significant effect on grain yield in either year. Further delaying the initial N application until GS 31 caused a significant yield reduction in 2011, in comparison to GS 30 application, but not in 2012. Differences in efficiency of recovery and use of fertilizer N by the crop among the first three application timings were small. There was no evidence to support alteration in the timing of the first application of N in response to low plant density. Slurry application did not influence SNS, so the interaction between SNS and fertilizer N application timing could not be determined. It is concluded that in order to maximise yield and NUE, the first N application should be applied to winter wheat between late tillering and GS 30 and that delaying the first N until GS 31 can lead to yield reductions compared to the yield obtained with earlier application.

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Efficiency of grain production of winter wheat as affected by N fertilisation under particular consideration of single culm sink size

Cited by 24 publications

References 16 publications

Physiological characteristics of recent Canada Western Red Spring wheat cultivars: Yield components and dry matter production

Physiological characteristics of recent Canada Western Red Spring wheat cultivars: Yield components and dry matter production

Comparing Brassica oilseed crop productivity under contrasting N fertility regimes in the semiarid northern Great Plains

Effect of nitrogen fertilizer application timing on nitrogen use efficiency and grain yield of winter wheat in Ireland

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