Efficiency of growing winter wheat depending on the soil tillage and sowing systems

Abstract

The results of the analysis of the efficiency of winter wheat growing depending on the soil tillage and sowing systems in changing hydrothermal conditions of Steppe zone are presented. Weather conditions during the investigations were different, but in general favorable, which made it possible to fully assess its influence of soil tillage and sowing systems on growth, development, grain productivity and economic and bioenergy efficiency of winter wheat growing. It is established, that the highest grain yield of winter wheat was formed in the variant of surface soil tillage and seeding with ATD-6.35 and was 5,62 t/ha, which was for 0,12 and 0,16 t/ha more than the variant using the seeding machine ATD-6.35 without tillage and seeding machine SZ-3.6 on surface tillage. Analysis of winter wheat grain showed, that the protein and gluten contents in samples of variants 1 and 2, where the ATD-6.35 used were higher compared to variant 3, where the SZ-3.6 used and amounted respectively to 12,7-13,3 and 24,0-25,3 %. At direct seeding observed the increasing the prime cost of 1 ton of grain, reducing the profitability and the energy efficiency ratio, as compared to the surface tillage and seeding with sowing machine ATD