Efficiency of mesoporous silica/carboxymethyl β-glucan as a fungicide nano-delivery system for improving chlorothalonil bioactivity and reduce biotoxicity

Synthesis, antifungal evaluation, and safety assessment of mesoporous silica nanoparticles loaded with prothioconazole against crop pathogens

“…On days 7 and 14 of the experiment, the number of dead earthworms was observed and recorded, and the LC 50 value of the pesticide to the earthworm was calculated. 35…”

“…On days 7 and 14 of the experiment, the number of dead earthworms was observed and recorded, and the LC 50 value of the pesticide to the earthworm was calculated. 35 2.9 Apoptosis test BEAS-2B cells were grown to log phase and seeded in 6-well plates at a rate of 1 × 10 5 cells per mL. After 24 h of culturing, cells were treated with Prot@MSNs, Prot@OD and water control (25 mg L −1 ) for 24 h. Cells were collected from the Environmental Science: Nano Paper 6-well plates, washed 3 times with pre-cooled PBS buffer, then digested with trypsin, and finally resuspended in 100 μL mixed medium buffer after being centrifuged at 1000 r min −1 for 5 min.…”

“…33,34 Recently, environmental toxicology and biosafety of nanopesticide CRFs have become one of the current research hotspots. [35][36][37][38] Xu et al 39 prepared fluorescent MSNs with removing CTAB, and then obtained prothioconazole-loaded nanoparticles (Pro@FLMSN) by adsorbing prothioconazole from dichloromethane. This Pro@FLMSN had a maximum drug loading of 27.14% and average particle size of 139 nm.…”

The Promising Nanovectors for Gene Delivery in Plant Genome Engineering

“…Due to the intrinsic hardness and excellent shock of silicon nanomaterials, lots of decorated MSNs surfaces are used as vectors, which has drawn a great deal of attention in recent years. MSN particles have been used to deliver pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals [ 66 , 67 ]. Torney et al (2007) used different functional groups to decorate MSNs.…”

Recent Advances on Lignocellulosic-Based Nanopesticides for Agricultural Applications

“…Most recently, ß-Glucan-based nanocarriers have been extensively studied as drug delivery systems (Su et al, 2021b). For instance, Kaziem et al (2022) developed a smart-delivery formulation based on carboxymethylated-β-glucans on the mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) surfaces after loading chlorothalonil (CHT) fungicide, with bioactivity against phytopathogens better than commercial formulation and lower toxicity to manure worm (Eisenia fetida) and zebra fish (Danio rerio). In another study with the same formulation, the authors observed that CHT@MSNs-β-glucans showed 2.6 times lower toxicity to the planktonic crustacean (Daphnia magna) and also exhibited lower effects on soil microbial abundance than commercial chlorothalonil (Kaziem et al, 2021), which improves its use as a nano-enabled agrochemical.…”