Efficiency of Pulmonary Ventilation during Rest and Light Exercise. A Study of Alveolar Nitrogen Wash‐out Curves in Normal Subjects.

Bouhuys, Arend; Hagstam, Karl‐Erik; Lundin, G.

doi:10.1111/j.1748-1716.1955.tb01286.x

Cited by 50 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Wash-out volume (WOV) and lung clearance index (LC1) were measured with a nitrogen wash-out method [6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Function in Esophageal Hiatus Hernia. I. Spirometry, Gas Distribution, and Arterial Blood Gases

Senyk¹,

Arborelius²,

Lilja³

et al. 1975

Respiration

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As a part of a preoperative investigation, spirometry and blood gas tensions were studied in 64 subjects with X-ray-verified hiatus hernia (34 reflux sliding, 22 mixed, and 8 of paraesophageal variety). According to the transverse diameter of the hernia, they were divided into 3 groups, small (2–5.9 cm), medium (6–9.9 cm), and large (10–17 cm) hernias. No correlation between the size of the hernia, reflux incidence, and spirometric findings could be demonstrated. A significant reduction of the arterial oxygen tension was found in small hernias and in vital capacity and maximal voluntary ventilation (MVV) in medium-sized hernias. Significant reduction in MVV was noted in the large hernia group. A common spirometric finding in all groups was a significant increase in residual volume and wash-out volume. The incidence of restrictive or obstructive pulmonary impairment was high in large (39%) and small (32%) hernias and relatively low in medium-sized hernias (8%). Roentgenological fibrosis was not found in any of the patients, while 4 showed emphysematous changes.

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“…Wash-out volume (WOV) and lung clearance index (LC1) were measured with a nitrogen wash-out method [6].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Function in Esophageal Hiatus Hernia. I. Spirometry, Gas Distribution, and Arterial Blood Gases

Senyk¹,

Arborelius²,

Lilja³

et al. 1975

Respiration

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show abstract

“…Static lung volumes were measured with a Knipping spirometer [15] and dynamic lung volumes with a Bernstein spirometer [4]. Wash-out volume (WOV) and lung clearance index (LCD were measured with a nitro gen wash-out method [5]. Arterial blood samples were obtained in the supine position in all subjects and after arterial catheterization (PE 160), in the last 7 also in the sitting, during exercise, and in the right and left lateral recumbent positions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional and Total Lung Function Studies in Patients with Hemidiaphragmatic Paralysis

Arborelius

Lilja

Senyk³

1975

Respiration

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Global and regional lung function were studied in 17 subjects with hemidiaphragmatic paralysis. Global lung function (VC, MVV, and FEV1) in the sitting position was reduced by an average of about 25 %. Regional lung function data in the same position showed a considerable decrease in perfusion (19%), ventilation (20%), and lung volume (7%) of the diseased side as compared to reference values obtained in healthy volunteers. Compared to the partition of function in the supine, the perfusion of the affected lung increased when it was lowermost in the lateral decubitus position, while regional FRC decreased and ventilation changed little. When uppermost, perfusion and ventilation of the affected lung decreased while FRC_r·increased somewhat. The arterial oxygen tension was significantly below normal in the supine position but in the normal range in the sitting position. It increased further during exercise. Bronchography showed compression of the basal lung segments on the affected side in the erect, and kinking and obliteration of lower lobe bronchi in the supine position and still more when the lung was lowermost in the lateral decubitus position.

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“…The graphic analysis of the nitrogen washout curves [4,8,18] showed that in all patients the behavior of the nitrogen clearance could be described on the basis of a nonuniform lung model consisting of a more or less poorly venti lated compartment, or slow space (with ventilation, per unit lung volume, VAs/U and relative volume Ls/L t and 1-3 better ventilated compartments). Mean values for VAs/L s and Ls/ L j are presented in table II.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Various indexes have been proposed to quantify the degree of gas distribution in equality and its impact on overall effi ciency of ventilation [17]. Some of these indexes are based on very simple criteria; in this category the lung clearance index (LCI), essentially a measure of the effi- ciency of the washout process, has most commonly been used in various versions [1,4,10,25]. The graphic analysis of the nitrogen washout curves [18] provides quantitative gas distribution data on the basis of a simple lung model consisting of a very limited number of compartments.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Informative Value of Simple Multibreath Nitrogen Washout Measurements for Clinical and Research Purposes

et al. 1985

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Some simple multibreath nitrogen washout indexes quantifying inspired gas distribution and ventilatory efficiency were obtained in a group of patients with mild to advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and studied in their relationships with routine pulmonary function tests. The indexes (lung clearance index (LCI), mixing ratio (MR) and data obtained by graphic analysis of the washout curve) were correlated with spirometric, pulmonary mechanics and arterial blood gas measurements, but only 8–38% of the interindividual variation in these indexes was explained by the above routine tests. An additional 5–13% of the variation was explained by the washout tidal volume (V_T); this finding may reflect changes in gas distribution with V_T and/or the influence of the dead space on ventilatory efficiency. Our data indicate that, in patients with COPD, nitrogen washout indexes tend to change in parallel with routine pulmonary function tests, reflecting the severity of the disease; these indexes also contain specific information (in addition to that provided by routine physiologic tests), presumably related to the distribution and efficiency of ventilation. Nitrogen washout measurements may thus represent a helpful adjunct to routine pulmonary function testing; LCI and MR appear to be particularly convenient for practical purposes because of their simplicity, and an informative content comparable with that of more complex indexes.

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Efficiency of Pulmonary Ventilation during Rest and Light Exercise. A Study of Alveolar Nitrogen Wash‐out Curves in Normal Subjects.

Cited by 50 publications

References 6 publications

Respiratory Function in Esophageal Hiatus Hernia. I. Spirometry, Gas Distribution, and Arterial Blood Gases

Respiratory Function in Esophageal Hiatus Hernia. I. Spirometry, Gas Distribution, and Arterial Blood Gases

Regional and Total Lung Function Studies in Patients with Hemidiaphragmatic Paralysis

Informative Value of Simple Multibreath Nitrogen Washout Measurements for Clinical and Research Purposes

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