Efficiency of Neutral Red, Evans Blue and MTT to assess viability of the freshwater microalgae Desmodesmus communis and Pediastrum boryanum

Abstract

This study assessed the efficacy of three cell viability assays -Methyl-thiazolyl-tetrazolium (MTT), Evans Blue, and Neutral Red -for two freshwater microalgae species, Desmodesmus communis and Pediastrum boryanum (Chlorophyceae), in order to find suitable techniques to detect the levels of pollution in water ecosystems. Following exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide, our results showed that Evans Blue did not adequately measure cell viability in either species, while MTT and Neutral Red were able to detect decreased cellular viability for both algae in response to herbicide exposure. Overall, however, Neutral Red proved to be more sensitive than MTT for these algae. Fig. 3. Viability assessments of P. boryanum and D. communis using NR. Bars indicate standard error (n = 9). The asterisks indicate significant differences between the species. , D. communis; , P. boryanum.

Tetrazolium salts and formazan products in Cell Biology: Viability assessment, fluorescence imaging, and labeling perspectives

“…Their principal advantages are avoiding the use of radioisotopes, together with easy and direct quantitative evaluation of viable cells. The applications and comparative results using the tetrazolium salt (MTT) assay and other viability methods (resazurin, neutral red, sulforhodamine B) have been described (Skehan et al, 1990;Van Tonder et al, 2015;Da Luz et al, 2016). In the case of resazurin (a pH and redox indicator of cell viability), the blue oxazone chromophore is easily reduced to the red and fluorescent resorufin (Horobin and Kiernan, 2002).…”

Cellular feasibility study of Acutodesmus obliquus

“…This dye permeates the plasma membrane of the cell, which is intact and is concentrated exactly in the cytoplasm and/or vacuoles of viable microalgae cells, turning it red. However, the cells of the microalgae that somehow suffered damage, that is, they are not viable, during the conservation methods, the incorporation of the dye by the cytoplasmic membrane is inhibited, and the microalgae is declared with cellular inviability (Da Luz et al, 2016).…”

“…According to Da Luz et al (2016), rarely in the freezing method is microalgae culture used in a liquid medium, and the cultures are previously concentrated, if there is a large amount of water between the cells, it will cause large losses of viable cells, and this is due to the rupture of the cells by the formation of ice crystals inside. However, the use of cryopotentiating substances contributes to the promotion of cell viability, acting both extracellularly and intracellularly, for example, as in the case of glycoprotective substances that are permeable agents, such as dimethylsufoxide (DMSO) and glycerol (Gli), has the function of interrupting the formation of intracellular ice crystals, while polyethylene glycol (Poly), which is a non-permeable agent, induces cell dehydration, promoting intracellular water efflux (Fernandes et al, 2019).…”

Design, Synthesis, Characterization and Anticancer Evaluation of Novel Mixed Complexes Derived from 2-(1H-Benzimizadol-2-yl)aniline Schiff base and 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole or 2-Aminobenzothiazole

“…The cytotoxicity activities toward one lung human cancer (A-549), two human colorectal cancer (Caco-2 and HT-29), and normal retina (RPE-1) cell lines were evaluated using the 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay [49][50][51]. These different cancer cell lines were purchased from ATCC (Rockville, MD, USA supplemented with 10% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 100 U/mL of both penicillin and streptomycin in a 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere.…”