Efficient Adsorption of Deoxynivalenol by Porous Carbon Prepared from Soybean Dreg

Abstract

A novel porous carbon adsorbent for the removal of deoxynivalenol was prepared from soybean dreg (SD). The new material was characterized by scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, N2 adsorption/desorption measurement techniques, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The specific surface area of the SDB-6-KOH was found to be 3655.95 m2 g−1, the pore volume was 1.936 cm3 g−1 and the average pore size was 2.125 nm. The high specific surface area and effective functional groups of the carbon material promoted the adsorption of deoxynivalenol. By comparing the adsorption effect of SDB-6-X prepared with different activators (X: KOH, K2CO3, KHCO3), SDB-6-KOH had the highest adsorption capacity. The maximum adsorption capacity of SDB-6-KOH to deoxynivalenol was 52.9877 µg mg−1, and the removal efficiency reached 88.31% at 318 K. The adsorption kinetic and isotherm data were suitable for pseudo-second-order and Langmuir equations, and the results of this study show that the novel carbon material has excellent adsorptive ability and, thus, offers effective practical application potential for the removal of deoxynivalenol.

Efficiency of Some Clays and Organic Materials on the Reduction of Aflatoxin B1 Produced from Isolates of the Fungus Aspergillus flavus Contaminating Corn Grains

“…Furthermore, the activated charcoal showed high efficiency in reducing AFB1, which is consistent with the findings of many studies that have demonstrated the ability of activated coal to bind or adsorb mycotoxins in animal blood [19] as well as plant-based coal. X-ray and electron microscopy analyses have revealed that activated coal possesses a large surface area that is capable of binding mycotoxins, especially when certain compounds such as KOH and K2CO3 are added [20] .…”

Comparative Assessment of Different Yeast Cell Wall-Based Mycotoxin Adsorbents Using a Model- and Bioassay-Based In Vitro Approach

“…A 4 h set incubation time was implemented to simulate the passage time through the gastrointestinal tract. It was also anticipated to provide sufficient contact time for adsorption to reach equilibrium based on previous studies [ 24 , 53 , 54 ]. Our group previously reported that DON, BEA, OTA, and CIT decreased cell viability of MAC-T cells [ 41 , 55 ].…”

“…The adsorption efficiency was calculated as follows as another endpoint to assess the adsorbent efficacy [ 20 , 54 ]: Adsorption efficiency (%) = (C 0− C eq )/C 0 × 100 where C 0 = concentration in the supernatant of the adsorbent-free control groups (μg/mL) and C eq = residual mycotoxin concentration in the supernatant of adsorbent-treated groups at equilibrium (μg/mL).…”

Formation Mechanism of a Hierarchically Porous Carbon Based on Soybean Hull Residues and Its Adsorption Performance

“…SHR‐based hierarchically porous carbon was prepared as the reported procedures with some modifications [49] . The collected SHR was pretreated by being washed with distilled water and 75 % EtOH solution separately, and then dried at 60 °C and sieved to retain the 100‐mesh fraction.…”

“…SHR-based hierarchically porous carbon was prepared as the reported procedures with some modifications. [49] The collected SHR was pretreated by being washed with distilled water and 75 % EtOH solution separately, and then dried at 60 °C and sieved to retain the 100-mesh fraction. Dried SHR (10 g) was mixed with 20 mL of K 2 CO 3 solution at the impregnation ratio of 0.5 g/g or H 3 PO 4 solution at 0.1 g/g for 6 h at room temperature respectively.…”