Efficient and Secure Routing Protocol Based on Encryption and Authentication for Wireless Sensor Networks

Abstract

One concerned issue in the routing protocol for wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is how to provide with as much security to some special applications as possible. Another is how to make full use of the severely limited resource presented by WSNs. The existing routing protocols in the recent literatures focus either only on addressing security issues while expending much power or only on improving lifetime of network. None of them efficiently combine the above-mentioned two challenges to one integrated solutions. In this paper, we propose efficient and secure routing protocol based on encryption and authentication for WSNs: BEARP, which consists of three phases: neighbor discovery phase, routing discovery phase, and routing maintenance phase. BEARP encrypts all communication packets and authenticates the source nodes and the base station (BS), and it ensures the four security features including routing information confidentiality, authentication, integrity, and freshness. Furthermore, we still design routing path selection system, intrusion detection system, and the multiple-threaded process mechanism for BEARP. Thus, all the secure mechanisms are united together to effectively resist some typical attacks including selective forwarding attack, wormhole attacks, sinkhole attacks, and even a node captured. Our BEARP especially mitigates the loads of sensor nodes by transferring routing related tasks to BS, which not only maintains network wide energy equivalence and prolongs network lifetime but also improves our security mechanism performed uniquely by the secure BS. Simulation results show a favorable increase in performance for BEARP when compared with directed diffusion protocol and secure directed diffusion protocol in the presence of compromised nodes.

Improved Version of Secure Watermarking LEACH: R-Watermarking LEACH

“…Jiliang Zhou gives another integrated algorithm to ensure the verification, privacy, originality and reliability of WSN named BEARP, is use for addressing security issues and lifetime improvement. It provides security and efficiency based on authentication and encryption in three phases [18].…”

Energy-efficient and reliable data collection in wireless sensor networks

“…In our proposed method, we concentrate on reliability and security by using encryption techniques. [2] discusses efficient and secure routing protocol based on encryption and authentication. This method involves encryption of all communicated packets.…”

“…With advances in technology, today's sensor nodes can gather and process more data, leading to the creation of new applications in recent years. To achieve cost effectiveness, sensor nodes are not typically equipped with tamper-proof facilities [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Due to their hostile and unattended environment, there is a very high chance of nodes being compromised in a WSN.…”

The channel for hidden data transmission in WSN

“…These works demonstrated the potential issues associated with knowledge areas of creating a special hidden information channels in WSN networks. However, according to the best knowledge of authors of this paper [23] [24][25] [26], there are no well documented algorithms and methods used for this purpose.…”