Efficient and stable all-inorganic Sb2(S, Se)3 solar cells via manipulating energy levels in MnS hole transporting layers

Wang, Shaoying; Zhao, Yuqi; Yao, Liquan; Li, Chuang; Gong, Junbo; Chen, Guilin; Li, Jianmin; Xiao, Xudong

doi:10.1016/j.scib.2021.11.012

Cited by 37 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…[14] Moreover, the CdCl 2 posttreatment following chemical bath deposition (CBD)-prepared CdS is used in most high-efficiency Sb-based solar devices. [10,15,4] However, the CdCl 2 -PDT process is executed by exposing CdCl 2 treated CdS film to temperatures of over 400 °C in air. Cadmium chloride oxides form easily on the CdS thin film surface and have been proved to increase resistance while reducing corresponding device performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb₂(S,Se)₃ Planar Solar Cells

Zhao

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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Antimony selenosulfide (Sb2(S,Se)3), a simple alloyed compound containing earth‐abundant constituents, with a tunable bandgap and high absorption coefficient has attracted significant attention in high‐efficiency photovoltaic applications. Optimizing interfacial defects and absorber layers to a high standard is essential in improving the efficiency of Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cells. In particular, the electron transport layer (ETL) greatly affects the final device performance of the superstrate structure. In this study, a simple and effective hydrazine hydrate (N2H4) solution post‐treatment is proposed to modify CdS ETL in order to enhance Sb2(S,Se)3 solar cell efficiency. By this process, oxides and residual chlorides, caused by CdCl2 treated CdS under a high temperature over 400 °C in air, are appropriately removed, rendering smoother and flatter CdS ETL as well as high‐quality Sb2(S,Se)3 thin films. Furthermore, the interfacial energy band alignment and recombination loss are both improved, resulting in an as‐fabricated FTO/CdS‐N2H4/Sb2(S,Se)3/spiro‐OMeTAD/Au solar cell with a high PCE of 10.30%, placing it in the top tier of Sb‐based solar devices. This study provides a fresh perspective on interfacial optimization and promotes the future development of antimony chalcogenide‐based planar solar cells.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb₂(S,Se)₃ Planar Solar Cells

Zhao

et al. 2022

Advanced Science

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“…24 Besides, the improved V bi value can lead to an improvement of V OC in Sb 2 Se 3 devices. 34,59 As shown in Figure 7b, the C−V curves are also used to deduce the depletion region width (W D ), which is 252 and 284 nm for "Cell-0" and "Cell-3", respectively. A broader depletion region is beneficial for the collection of photogenerated carriers and leads to a larger current density (J sc ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After being treated with the AE process, the built-in voltage ( V bi ) of “Cell-0” can be improved from 523 to 556 mV, which can be primarily attributed to the improved heterojunction quality . Besides, the improved V bi value can lead to an improvement of V OC in Sb 2 Se 3 devices. , As shown in Figure b, the C – V curves are also used to deduce the depletion region width ( W D ), which is 252 and 284 nm for “Cell-0” and “Cell-3”, respectively. A broader depletion region is beneficial for the collection of photogenerated carriers and leads to a larger current density ( J sc ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interface Etching Leads to the Inversion of the Conduction Band Offset between the CdS/Sb₂Se₃ Heterojunction and High-Efficient Sb₂Se₃ Solar Cells

Wang

Cao

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Antimony selenide (Sb 2 Se 3 ) has gained extensive attention owing to its excellent properties of stability and optoelectronic characteristics. However, the bandgap alignment of CdS/Sb 2 Se 3 heterojunction is still a significant bottleneck in the improvement of the efficiency of Sb 2 Se 3 thin-film solar cells. In this study, the quality of a vapor transport deposition (VTD)-processed Sb 2 Se 3 thin film is improved by ammonia etching, wherein the surface potential of the CdS buffer layer is modified and the bandgap alignment of CdS/Sb 2 Se 3 is changed from a "clifflike" to a "spikelike" structure. Moreover, the growth orientation of the Sb 2 Se 3 absorber is tailored. Finally, the reduced carrier recombination, improved band-gap structure, and enhanced crystal orientation lead to the fabrication of a Sb 2 Se 3 solar cell with the best efficiency of 7.48% in this work, which is comparable with the highest efficiency of VTD-processed Sb 2 Se 3 thin-film solar cells. This is expected to provide a valuable reference for the future development of Sb 2 Se 3 thin-film solar cells and other photoelectronic devices.

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“…Inorganic HTMs have the advantages of high intrinsic stability and hole conductivity, in comparison to organic counterparts. Inorganic HTLs such as NiO, Cu 2 O, CuO, CuS, CuI, MnS, CuCrO 2 , CuGaO 2 , MoO 3 (as an interlayer), CuSCN, VO x , and WO x are inexpensive, abundant, and nontoxic and exhibit suitable band alignment for hole extraction. Due to the high hole mobility, good transparency, and stability, CuSCN has been considered as a potential HTL in Sb 2 X 3 solar cells .…”

Section: Key Device Limitations and Possible Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…200 All these functionalities contributed to a PCE of 7.50% in the Sb 2 Se 3 solar cell, employing CuSCN as the HTL. Recently, Wang et al 218 has achieved the highest PCE (9.24%) in all-inorganic Sb 2 X 3 solar cells, employing MnS as the HTL. More importantly, the MnS based device completely outperformed the Spiro-OMeTADbased counterpart in terms of PCE, stability, and costeffectiveness.…”

Section: Key Device Limitations and Possible Solutionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Present Status and Future Perspective of Antimony Chalcogenide (Sb₂X₃) Photovoltaics

Barthwal

Kumar

Pathak

2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Their unique quasi one-dimensional (Q1D) crystal structure and rapid power conversion efficiency (PCE) evolution evoke tremendous scientific and technological interest in antimony chalcogenide (Sb2X3, X = S, Se, or S x Se1–x ) photovoltaics (PVs). Solution processability, strong photon harvesting, readily tunable optoelectronic properties, exceptional physicochemical stability, nontoxicity, and earth-abundance are their key features, endorsing Sb2X3 as next-generation PVs. Benign, self-healing grain boundaries and defect-tolerance add to their merits, empowering Sb2X3 films to act like pseudo-single crystals. These semiconductors are born for flexible PVs, as their Q1D crystal structures aid ultrahigh flexibility and bending tolerance. Sb2X3 solar cells are efficient in recycling indoor and ambient light; thus, they are promising as indoor PVs (IPVs). Sb2X3 PVs exhibit potential to simultaneously solve the stability and toxicity issues faced by lead halide perovskite PVs and the cost issues faced by mainstream silicon PVs. Presently, a record certified PCE of 10.7% has been demonstrated by Sb2X3 solar cells; thus, they are emerging as a promising low-cost alternative to the commercially available PV technologies. This review presents a unique perspective of the fundamentals, recent breakthroughs, challenges, and futuristic developments in this field, offering a fundamental guideline for the rational engineering, design, and fabrication of high-PCE Sb2X3 solar cells. This review highlights Sb2X3 based, large area, tandem, and flexible solar cells and explores the commercial viability of this technology from generic power production to niche markets.

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Efficient and stable all-inorganic Sb2(S, Se)3 solar cells via manipulating energy levels in MnS hole transporting layers

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb₂(S,Se)₃ Planar Solar Cells

Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb₂(S,Se)₃ Planar Solar Cells

Interface Etching Leads to the Inversion of the Conduction Band Offset between the CdS/Sb₂Se₃ Heterojunction and High-Efficient Sb₂Se₃ Solar Cells

Present Status and Future Perspective of Antimony Chalcogenide (Sb₂X₃) Photovoltaics

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Efficient and stable all-inorganic Sb2(S, Se)3 solar cells via manipulating energy levels in MnS hole transporting layers

Cited by 37 publications

References 43 publications

Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb2(S,Se)3 Planar Solar Cells

Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb2(S,Se)3 Planar Solar Cells

Interface Etching Leads to the Inversion of the Conduction Band Offset between the CdS/Sb2Se3 Heterojunction and High-Efficient Sb2Se3 Solar Cells

Present Status and Future Perspective of Antimony Chalcogenide (Sb2X3) Photovoltaics

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Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb₂(S,Se)₃ Planar Solar Cells

Hydrazine Hydrate‐Induced Surface Modification of CdS Electron Transport Layer Enables 10.30%‐Efficient Sb₂(S,Se)₃ Planar Solar Cells

Interface Etching Leads to the Inversion of the Conduction Band Offset between the CdS/Sb₂Se₃ Heterojunction and High-Efficient Sb₂Se₃ Solar Cells

Present Status and Future Perspective of Antimony Chalcogenide (Sb₂X₃) Photovoltaics