Efficient blue non-doped OLEDs with new tetraphenylethene-based aggregation-induced emission molecules

Phenothiazine and phenothiazine sulfone derivatives: AIE, HTMs for doping free fluorescent and multiple-resonance TADF OLEDs

“…9,13 By the incorporation of conventional ACQ building blocks and AIE-active units, various luminescent materials have been developed with excellent solid-state efficiencies and used as light-emitting layers for nondoped OLEDs. 14–27…”

Design, synthesis and application of tetraphenylbenzene-based blue organic electroluminescent materials with aggregation-induced emission and hot exciton properties

“…13,14 AIE materials have the best luminescence efficiency in both solid and thin film states and have been proven to be very suitable for constructing non-doped devices, especially non-doped blue-emission devices. 15–17 However, it is difficult for AIE materials to capture the triplet state excitons and the maximum internal quantum efficiency (IQE) is only 25%, which severely limits the development of OLEDs. Fortunately, hot exciton materials, a new class of materials to break the limitation of 25% exciton utilization rate, which can transform the triplet state into the singlet exciton through a high-lying reverse intersystem crossing (hRISC) process and theoretically solve the problem of self-conflict between the high exciton conversion rate of T 1 → S 1 and the high exciton radiation rate of S 1 of the thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) material, have unique advantages in constructing deep blue emitting materials.…”