Efficient compilation of array iterators for Lustre

Morel, Lionel

doi:10.1016/s1571-0661(05)80437-2

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…These iterators, which are well known in the functional language community, are convenient for most applications and can be easily compiled into small, efficient sequential code [40]. With these iterators, arrays can be compiled into arrays, operations on arrays can be compiled into loops, and many implicit intermediate arrays can be replaced with scalar variables ("accumulators") in the generated code.…”

Section: A Handling Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synchronous languages 12 years later

Benveniste¹,

et al. 2003

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[5], which are also the subject of this paper. At the time, the three languages were well defined and had seen some industrial use, but were still under development. In the intervening years, the languages have been improved, gained a much larger user community, and have been successfully commercialized. Today, synchronous languages have been established as a technology of choice for modeling, specifying, validating, and implementing real-time embedded applications. The paradigm of synchrony has emerged as an engineer-friendly design method based on mathematically sound tools. This paper discusses the improvements, difficulties, and successes that have occured with the synchronous languages since 1991. It begins with a discussion of the synchronous philosophy and the challenge of maintaining functional, deterministic system behavior when combining the synchronous notion of instantaneous communication with deterministic concurrency. Section II describes successful uses of the languages in industry and how they have been commercialized. Section III discusses new technology that has been developed for compiling these languages, which has been substantially more difficult than first thought. Section IV describes some of the major lessons learned over the last 12 years. Section V discusses some future challenges, including the limitations of synchrony. Finally, Section VI concludes the paper with some discussion of where the synchronous languages will be in the future. Throughout this paper, we take the area of embedded control systems as the central target area of discussion, since this has been the area in which synchronous languages have best found their way today. These systems are typically safety critical, such as flight control systems in flight-by-wire avionics and antiskidding or anticollision equipment on automobiles. I. THE SYNCHRONOUS APPROACHThe synchronous languages Signal, Esterel, and Lustre are built on a common mathematical framework that combines synchrony (i.e., time advances in lockstep with one or more clocks) with deterministic concurrency. This section explores the reasons for choosing such an approach and its ramifications. A. Fundamentals of SynchronyThe primary goal of a designer of safety-critical embedded systems is convincing him-or herself, the customer, and certification authorities that the design and its implementation is correct. At the same time, he or she must keep development and maintenance costs under control and meet nonfunctional constraints on the design of the system, such as cost, power, weight, or the system architecture by itself (e.g., a physically distributed system comprising intelligent sensors and actuators, supervised by a central computer). Meeting these objectives demands design methods and tools that integrate seamlessly with existing design flows and are built on solid mathematical foundations.

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Section: A Handling Arraysmentioning

confidence: 99%

The synchronous languages 12 years later

Benveniste¹,

et al. 2003

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“…Each dimension of the repetition space can be seen as a parallel loop and its shape space gives the bounds of the nested parallel loops. For instance, in Figure 3, the shape of repetition space in Horizontal filter is (8).…”

Section: A Repetitive Model Of Computationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For instance, a map of the function T on the array [8] or an array of processes construct of SIGNAL [1] offer this possibility. The model presented here is meant to be intuitive and simple, and may certainly be optimized.…”

Section: Parallel Interpretationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling and Formal Validation of High-Performance Embedded Systems

Gamatié

Rutten

et al. 2008

2008 International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Computing

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This paper presents an approach for the modeling and formal validation of high-performance systems. The approach relies on the repetitive model of computation used to express the parallelism of such systems within the GAS-PARD framework, which is dedicated to the codesign of high-performance system-on-chip. The system descriptions obtained with this model are then projected on the synchronous model of computation. The result of this projection consists of an equational model that allows one to formally analyze clock synchronizability issues so as to guarantee the reliable deployment of systems on platforms.

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“…For instance, a map of the function E on the array [39]o ra narray of processes construct [13]o ffer this possibility. The model presented here is meant to be intuitive and simple, and may certainly be optimized.…”

Section: Correctness With Respect To the Gaspard Semanticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems

2005

IEEE Signal Process. Mag.

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We present the modeling of data-intensive parallel applications following the synchronous approach. We consider the GASPARD environment, which is dedicated to high-performance system-on-chip (SoC) codesign. Our motivation is to bridge the gap between the GASPARD design approach and the formal validation techniques provided by the synchronous technology. First, we define a synchronous dataflow equational model of GASPARD models. The modeling formalism adopted in GASPARD consists of an extension of the domain-specific language Array-OL. Then, we address correctness issues (e.g., causality and synchronizability analyses) about GASPARD models via their corresponding synchronous descriptions in order to formally validate the original system descriptions.

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Efficient compilation of array iterators for Lustre

Cited by 11 publications

References 3 publications

The synchronous languages 12 years later

The synchronous languages 12 years later

Modeling and Formal Validation of High-Performance Embedded Systems

EURASIP Journal on Embedded Systems

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