Efficient Detection of 2,6-Dinitrophenol with Silver Nanoparticle-Decorated Chitosan/SrSnO3 Nanocomposites by Differential Pulse Voltammetry

Abstract

Herein, an ultra-sonication technique followed by a photoreduction technique was implemented to prepare silver nanoparticle-decorated Chitosan/SrSnO3 nanocomposites (Ag-decorated Chitosan/SrSnO3 NCs), and they were successively used as electron-sensing substrates coated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the development of a 2,6-dinitrophenol (2,6-DNP) efficient electrochemical sensor. The synthesized NCs were characterized in terms of morphology, surface composition, and optical properties using FESEM, TEM, HRTEM, BET, XRD, XPS, FTIR, and UV-vis analysis. Ag-decorated Chitosan/SrSnO3 NC/GCE fabricated with the conducting binder (PEDOT:PSS) was found to analyze 2,6-DNP in a wide detection range (LDR) of 1.5~13.5 µM by applying the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) approach. The 2,6-DNP sensor parameters, such as sensitivity (54.032 µA µM−1 cm−2), limit of detection (LOD; 0.18 ± 0.01 µM), limit of quantification (LOQ; 0.545 µM) reproducibility, and response time, were found excellent and good results. Additionally, various environmental samples were analyzed and obtained reliable analytical results. Thus, it is the simplest way to develop a sensor probe with newly developed nanocomposite materials for analyzing the carcinogenic contaminants from the environmental effluents by electrochemical approach for the safety of environmental and healthcare fields in a broad scale.

The Role of Silver Nanoparticles in Electrochemical Sensors for Aquatic Environmental Analysis

“…Conversely, several phenolic compounds were detected using the reduction mechanism. The nitro groups of 4-nitrophenol [ 154 , 156 , 158 ], 2,6-dinitrophenol [ 161 ], 4-nitrotoluene [ 174 ], nitrofurantoin [ 176 ], and nitrobenzene [ 170 , 171 , 172 ] were irreversibly converted into hydroxylamine or aminophenol groups by an electrochemical mechanism involving four protons and four electrons. Moreover, nitrobenzene was detected on a silicate sol–gel matrix GCE functionalized with AgAu alloy, depending on the electrochemical reduction of the nitro group involving six protons and six electrons [ 83 ].…”

“…This is also the lowest 4-NP LOD value obtained for any of electrochemical sensors presented in this review. Faisal and coworkers [ 161 ] developed Ag-decorated chitosan/SrSnO 3 NC as a suitable sensing platform for the detection of 2,6-dinitrophenol (2,6-DNP) in groundwater, seawater, and tap water samples. To fabricate a functional voltammetric sensor, the nanocomposite was attached to the GCE surface via a PEDOT:PSS linker.…”

“…( b ) Ag-chitosan/SrSnO 3 NC/GCE sensor for the voltammetric detection of 2,6-DNP in seawater, underground water, and tap water. Adapted from [ 161 ] under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) licence ( , accessed on 26 February 2023).…”