Efficient Enzyme-Assisted Extraction and Conversion of Polydatin to Resveratrol From Polygonum cuspidatum Using Thermostable Cellulase and Immobilized β-Glucosidase

Abstract

Resveratrol, a bioactive compound in high quantities in Polygonum cuspidatum , has well-known health benefits. However, it mainly exists in its glycosidic form, polydatin, in plants. To increase the production of resveratrol for various uses in medicine, foods, and cosmetics, an efficient deglycosylation technique is needed for converting polydatin into resveratrol. We screened a new cellulolytic strain of Bacillus from herb compost, and we optimized parameters within the fermentation process using response surface methodology with a Box–Behnken design. The yield of cellulase reached 2701.08 U/L, corresponding to values that were 5.4 times as high as those under unoptimized conditions. The Bacillus cellulase possessed good thermostablity and was stable under both acidic and neutral conditions. The cellulase was then used in the pretreatment of P. cuspidatum root. After incubation at 50°C for 4 h with shaking at 150 rpm, the contents of piceid and resveratrol were determined to be 7.60 ± 0.15 and 9.72 ± 0.29 mg/g, respectively. To obtain complete deglycosylation, immobilized β-glucosidase (bgl2238) was added to the cellulase-treated extracts of P. cuspidatum root to convert residual polydatin into resveratrol. After the first cycle, the contents of piceid and resveratrol were determined to be 0 and 13.69 ± 0.30 mg/g, respectively. Moreover, enzyme activity showed little loss during up to 4 consecutive cycles. These results demonstrated that the immobilized β-glucosidase possessed high deglycosylation activity and outstanding operational stability. The mixture of Bacillus cellulase and immobilized bgl2238 appears promising as a means to increase the supply of resveratrol in the medicine market worldwide.

Polydatin, A Glycoside of Resveratrol, Is Better Than Resveratrol in Alleviating Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Mice Fed a High-Fructose Diet

“…For a long time, POD was considered to be a lower bioavailability than RES, because the glycoside with a large molecular size and just can be better absorbed when the glycosides are hydrolyzed to their bioactive aglycones RES by β-glucosidases in the small intestine ( 2 – 6 ). Polygonum cuspidatum plants, grapes, berries, and peanuts contain RES only approximately 0.2% of dry weight ( 5 ), but RES possesses well-known health benefits and is widely applied in medicines, foods, and cosmetic products. RES mainly exists as the glycoside POD in plants ( 5 , 6 ), hence, to increase the production of RES, POD should be converted into RES by deglycosylation technique ( 3 – 6 ), which is difficult and expensive.…”

“…Polygonum cuspidatum plants, grapes, berries, and peanuts contain RES only approximately 0.2% of dry weight ( 5 ), but RES possesses well-known health benefits and is widely applied in medicines, foods, and cosmetic products. RES mainly exists as the glycoside POD in plants ( 5 , 6 ), hence, to increase the production of RES, POD should be converted into RES by deglycosylation technique ( 3 – 6 ), which is difficult and expensive. In the last decade, accumulated evidence suggests gut microbiota, such as Lactobacillus spp., Bacteroides spp., and Bifidobacterium spp, involves in the absorption, metabolism, and bioavailability of polyphenols glycosides ( 7 – 9 ).…”

The beauty of biocatalysis: sustainable synthesis of ingredients in cosmetics

“…169 An immobilised β-glucosidase has demonstrated positive results for the formation of resveratrol from extracts of P. cuspidatum root that contain large quantities of polydatin. 171…”

Application of β-Glucosidase in a Biphasic System for the Efficient Conversion of Polydatin to Resveratrol

“…Thus, deglycosylation of polydatin is important to obtain the active resveratrol. In recent years, many new methods have been developed for producing resveratrol from polydatin [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ]. Bioconversion is a promising approach because of its high conversion efficiency and environmental friendliness compared with conventional chemical synthesis and hydrolysis methods.…”