Efficient Frame Schedule Scheme for Real-time Video Transmission Across the Internet Using TCP

Abstract

<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left; margin: 0cm 0cm 0pt;" align="left"><span class="text"><span style="font-family: ";Arial";,";sans-serif";; font-size: 8.5pt;">The great end-to-end delays are the major factor to influence the visual quality of real-time video across the Internet using TCP as transport layer protocol. In this paper, we present a video frame schedule scheme for rate adaptive real-time video transmission over TCP. The scheme schedules video frames between the application layer sender-buffer, the TCP sender-buffer and TCP receiver-buffer and can regulate automaticlly the video frame rate and play out buffer delays according to the network congestion level. The sheme requires only an extra buffer of application layer and can significantly cut down the end-to-end delays of real-time video without any modification to the network infrastructure or TCP protocol stack. The performance of the proposed solution is evaluated through extensive simulations using the NS-2 simulator.</span></span><span style="font-family: ";Arial";,";sans-serif";; font-size: 8.5pt;"></span></p

Double-Buffer Traffic Shaper Modelling for Multimedia Applications in Slow Speed Network

“…Arne and Jirka, generates real rate adaptive MPEG-4 streaming traffic using the Shaped Variable Bit Rate (SVBR) for adjusting the sending rate quality of service (QoS) performance for VBR video traffic (Arne & Jirka, 2007). Xiong et al, propose a video frame schedule scheme for rate adaptive real-time video transmission over TCP to reduce end-to-end delay in real-time video (Xiong et al, 2009;Xiong et al, 2010). All of the above schemes were found unsuitable for the slow speed network.…”

“…1 depicts the stage by stage transmission of video frames from the sender to the receiver across the internet. The delay experienced at the application sender-buffer, TCP sender-buffer and in the network are variable and of major interest to researchers (Xiong et al, 2009;Xiong et al, 2010).…”

“…application layer (Xiong et al, 2010). Transmission of real-time VBR video applications typically requires high bandwidth and low delay (Xiong et al, 2010;Xiong et al, 2009;Lam et al, 2005;Liang, 2004;JerYang & ChengChou, 2003;Won & Shim, 2002). These requirements have been identified as major challenges to the deployment of multimedia applications across the Internet in sub-Saharan countries particularly Nigeria.…”

Packet-Level Simulation of Real-Time Video in Slow-Speed Environment using NS-3

“…Earlier, some TCP features were responsible for its disapproval [5,6]. Actually, TCP's ability to provide a reliable communication is a strong con-sideration for its adoption in real-time protocol design [7,8]. Broadband speed, from a user's point of view, is the average data rate or bulk transfer rate [9].…”

Buffer Occupancy of Double-Buffer Traffic Shaper in Real-Time Multimedia Applications across Slow-Speed Links

“…Frame rate adaptor is a traffic shaping scheme that enhances the transmission of multimedia applications across the network. It automatically regulates the video frames rates according to network congestion level [13]. Traffic shaper represents a complete system that provides high interactivity while adapting to a poor network condition [14].…”