Efficient Heuristic Algorithms for Location of Charging Stations in Electric Vehicle Routing Problems

Abstract

Locating new facilities is a problem that involves several objective functions such as cost, profit, income, travel distance, service, waiting time, coverage, market shares, among others.

A review on the electric vehicle routing problems

“…There are three studies available [39]- [41]. Within the scope of the Electric Vehicle Routing and Charging Station Location Selection Problem (EVRP-CSLSP), in which routing and the location selection of charging stations are handled together, there are ten studies representing 16.9% of the studies examined [4], [25], [44], [46], [53], [55], [57], [85], [87], [88]. While 91.5% of the studies in the literature accept the assumption that the load capacity of EVs is limited, in 5 studies ( [22], [25]- [27], [55]) corresponding to 8.5%, the vehicle load capacity is assumed unlimited (Figure 8).…”

“…Within the scope of the Electric Vehicle Routing and Charging Station Location Selection Problem (EVRP-CSLSP), in which routing and the location selection of charging stations are handled together, there are ten studies representing 16.9% of the studies examined [4], [25], [44], [46], [53], [55], [57], [85], [87], [88]. While 91.5% of the studies in the literature accept the assumption that the load capacity of EVs is limited, in 5 studies ( [22], [25]- [27], [55]) corresponding to 8.5%, the vehicle load capacity is assumed unlimited (Figure 8). As can be seen from Figure 9, although the single depot assumption was taken into account with a significant rate of 88.1% in 52 studies in the EVRP literature, the multiple depot assumption was taken into account in 7 studies corresponding to 11.9% of the studies examined [25], [47], [57], [62], [65], [79], [80].…”

A Survey on Environmentally Friendly Vehicle Routing Problem and a Proposal of Its Classification

“…Schiffer et al [111] extended the LRPIF considering different types of facilities at which either freight replenishment or energy recharging is possible or both. Gatica et al [112] used four strategies of Random Generation, Customer Location, Great Route, and K-Means to locate charging stations and a heuristic method to route the EVs fleet. Almouhanna et al [113] addressed LRP with a Constrained Distance (LRPCD) which is used by EVs in location and routing decisions.…”

Optimization of m-MDPDPTW Using the Continuous and Discrete PSO

“…Each node i admits a time interval [ETi, LTi] in which it must be served. The times defined in equations (9), (10) and (11) respectively represent: the arrival time, the departure time and the service time at each depot:…”